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2. Exercise 1 - 2 Distinguishing Performance Management Systems from Performance Appraisal Systems a. What are the differences between a performance appraisal system and a performance management system? b. How are performance appraisal and performance management systems related to each other? c. Consider the following 11 criticisms: Criticism 1: "[There can be] inconsistency between comments and scores on an employee's evaluation." Criticism 2: "The annual performance review is a bad management tool. To start with, it is not timely. If your direct report is deficient in some ways, you wait 11 months to say something about it. How does that help next week's performance?" Criticism 3: "The evaluation is usually a hit-and-run exercise. It rarely takes the form of a dialogue between the supervisor and direct report and, instead it is an isolated event and not part of performance/career management more generally." Criticism 4: "A number of years ago, the U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) created a 'Like Me' task force. Its general conclusion—there was a human tendency to favor employees who are like the managers making the employment assessment." Criticism 5: "Few managers jump with glee at appraisal time. When they triage workplace demands, many times appraisals end up at the bottom. As a result, late appraisals are often the norm and not the exception." Criticism 6: "Because performance is ultimately measured on a nonstop, continuous basis, managers may become overwhelmed with cognitive load, paperwork, and generally more work to do." Criticism 7: "What's left is the more important strategic role of raising the reputational and intellectual capital of the company—but HR is, it turns out, uniquely unsuited for that." Criticism 8: "Goal-setting, when done wrong, gives the employee the wrong goals—those, for instance, which are not aligned with the organization's strategic orientation." Criticism 9: "Often, an employee with substandard performance is evaluated as meeting expectations or even better, and the average employee receives an above-average evaluation." Criticism 10: "[The process does not involve helping or making employees] set goals for the future." Criticism 11: "Coaching can be tricky. When done wrong, it can be devastating. For example, a coach's feedback can have detrimental effects if it focuses on the employee as a whole, as opposed to specific work behaviors at work." c-1: Use Xs on the table below to identify which of the following criticisms pertain to performance appraisal systems, but not to performance management systems, and which criticisms pertain to both performance appraisal and performance management systems. c-2: Then, provide an explanation for categorizing the 11 criticisms in the way you did. Pertains only to Performance Appraisal Systems Pertains only to Performance Management Systems Pertains to both 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11