CRJS 6137 – The Nature of Crime and Criminology (5 credits):Exclusive

📝 Seeking Academic Excellence? Discover Our Expert Essay Writing Services! 🎓

🏆 Let Certified PHD Graduates Elevate Your Essays! 🏆

100% Confidential | Timely Delivery | Uncompromising Quality 🌟

We understand the importance of exceptional essays in shaping your academic journey. 🎓 Our team of handpicked, experienced writers is dedicated to crafting tailored, well-researched essays that showcase your knowledge and insight.

🎯 Unlock Your Potential Today! Place an Order with us and embark on your journey to academic success. 💻

Don't settle for less when it comes to your education. 🌟 Let us be your beacon of professionalism and excellence! 🎓

Click HERE to get started ... ORDER NOW

The purpose of CRJS 6137 Course is to introduce students to the study of crime and criminology. Students will be introduced to various types of crimes, theories of crime causation, and research methods in criminology. The CRJS 6137 Course will also cover such topics as violence, victimization, race and crime, gender and crime, and the criminal justice system.

CRJS 6137 – The Nature of Crime and Criminology (5 credits) (CRJS 6137)

CRJS 6137 Course is a survey of the major theories of crime, criminals and criminal behavior. The major topics covered include: the definition of crime; the history of criminological thought; the relationship between theory and research; the scientific method in criminology; and some important theories regarding crime and criminal behavior.

Flexible Learning (Online) – CRJS 6137 – The Nature of Crime and Criminology (5 credits) (CRJS 6137)

The University of Regina’s Faculty of Arts and Faculty of Social Work offer the flexible learning CRJS 6137 Course “CRJS 6137 – The Nature of Crime and Criminology” (CRJS 6137). This online CRJS 6137 Course explores the various theories, typologies, and approaches to the understanding of crime. The CRJS 6137 Course also investigates the history, evolution, and diversity of criminology as a field of study. Finally, students will learn about how to apply criminological theory to practical issues related to crime in society.

The Nature of Crime and Criminology (CRJS 6137) provides an overview of major criminological theories, the criminal justice system, and current topics in criminology. Through readings, lectures, discussions, and papers students will develop a critical understanding of the field of criminology. The CRJS 6137 Course also explores how crime is measured, what causes it and what can be done to control it. CRJS 6137 Course meets for five weeks and is offered online.

1. In this class students will learn the nature and extent of crime in the United States, Canada, and other countries throughout the world. The CRJS 6137 Course focuses on various types of crime and attempts to explain why some types of crime are more prevalent than others. Students will learn about various theories of criminal behavior as well as various methods used by criminologists to measure crime.

2. Students will become familiar with different types of data that are used to measure crime and will learn how to read and interpret these data. Students will also learn about various methods used to study crime, including surveys, interviews, ethnography, participant observation, and experiments.

3. Students will learn about the major theories of criminal behavior, including biological theories, psychological theories, sociological theories, and economic theories. Students will also learn about various methods of measuring crime, including official statistics, victimization surveys, self-report surveys, and studies of specific crimes.

4. Students will learn about the major types of crime, including violent crime, property crime, white-collar crime, organized crime, and public order crimes. Students will also learn about victimology, which is the study of victims of crime.

5. Students will learn about the criminal justice system in the United States and how it deals with criminals. The CRJS 6137 Course focuses on the police, courts, and corrections (including prisons). Students will also learn about the juvenile justice system and how it differs from the adult criminal justice system.

None

Required Textbooks for CRJS 6137 – The Nature of Crime and Criminology (5 credits) (CRJS 6137)

None

(3 credits)

CRJS 6137 Course examines the nature of crime and criminology, with a focus on the interaction between criminal justice systems and society. The CRJS 6137 Course covers the major theories of crime and their implications for criminal justice policy and practice.

# |(Learning Outcome)|(CRJS 6137 Course Activities and Assignments)
1|Students will describe and examine the major criminological theories of crime causation, including classical theory, biological theories, psychological theories, sociological theories, and social learning/control theories.|Readings include: “Theories of Crime” by John E. Douglas, Ann W. Burgess, Allen G. Burgess and Robert K. Ressler (pgs 1-10), “Biosocial Theory” by Ted Chiricos (pgs. 32-37), and “Psychological Theories” by David B. Wilson (pgs. 56-59). Lecture presentations will include material on all major theoretical perspectives in criminology. Class discussion questions will focus on each of these theoretical perspectives as well as the ability to apply them to real world criminal justice issues. Student presentations will focus on applying specific theoretical perspectives to specific case studies of criminal justice interest (e.g., mass shootings, school shootings, deviant sexual behavior such as pedophilia or rape).
2|Students will explain methods for collecting criminal justice data at local, state, national and international levels including the Uniform Crime Report (UCR), National Incident Based Reporting System (NIBRS) and other sources of criminal justice data such as surveys and archival data sets used in criminological research.*|Lecture presentations will include material on different types of research methodologies and how to obtain secondary data for analysis using available online sources such as the National Archive of Criminal Justice Data (NACJD). Class discussion questions will focus on strengths/weaknesses of different research methodologies as well as how to obtain secondary data for analysis from various online sources such as the NACJD website.* Student presentations will focus on applying specific research methodologies to specific case studies of criminal justice interest (e.g., mass shootings, school shootings, deviant sexual behavior such as pedophilia or rape).*
3|Students will analyze the impact that societal factors have on crime rates at local, state, national and international levels.*|Lecture presentations will include material on how demographic characteristics influence crime rates.* Class discussion questions will focus on how demographic characteristics influence crime rates.* Student presentations will focus on applying demographic characteristics to specific case studies of criminal justice interest (e.g., mass shootings, school shootings, deviant sexual behavior such as pedophilia or rape).*
4|Students will examine evidence based practices for preventing crime at local, state, national and international levels.*|Lecture presentations will include material on evidence based practices for preventing crime.* Class discussion questions will focus on evidence based practices for preventing crime.* Student presentations will focus on applying evidence based practices to specific case studies of criminal justice interest (e.g., mass shootings, school shootings, deviant sexual behavior such as pedophilia or rape).*

Week 1: Introduction and Overview of the CRJS 6137 Course – Assignment due on Monday

Introduction to the Nature of Crime and Criminology – this unit introduces you to the field of criminology. It will also help you understand the nature of crime and how crimes are defined and categorized in society. The unit concludes with a discussion of how crimes are measured.

Assignment: Have students discuss what they know about criminology and criminal justice. What do they think it is? Why did they choose this program? How do they think their current knowledge of criminology and criminal justice affects their perceptions of these fields? Students should post their initial discussions by Monday at 11:59 p.m. ET of Week 1.

Week 2: Measuring Crime – Assignment due on Monday

Introduction to Statistics in Criminology – The purpose of this unit is to provide an overview of statistical methods used in criminology research. The unit begins with a review of basic concepts in statistics, including levels of measurement, univariate statistics, bivariate statistics, and measures of association. The unit then focuses on specific techniques used in criminological research, such as chi-square tests, t-tests, analysis of variance (ANOVA), correlation, and regression analysis.

Assignment: Complete the SPSS Tutorial located under the Resources tab on your left navigation bar. Once completed post your results to the discussions area for Week 2 no later than Monday at 11:59 p.m. ET .

/* */ /* */ /* */ /* */

CRJS 6137 Course is an exploration of the nature and causes of crime, and how this knowledge informs our understanding of the criminal justice system. Students will examine different theories of crime causation and apply them to real-world cases. The CRJS 6137 Course will also explore how research in criminology can be used to inform policy decisions and evaluate criminal justice interventions.

This is a 3-hour online CRJS 6137 Course that uses a combination of asynchronous and synchronous learning. Students are required to participate in five live synchronous (real time) sessions on Zoom. In addition, students are expected to complete weekly asynchronous readings, discussions and assignments. Students will be asked to work independently as well as in small groups during the real time sessions. All scheduled session times for CRJS 6137 are available here: https://epicprograms.wsu.edu/schedule/. CRJS 6137 is also available face-to-face through Epic programs on the Pullman campus or through Global Campus; please see their website for more information regarding dates, times, tuition and fees.

CRJS 6137 – The Nature of Crime and Criminology (5 credits) (CRJS 6137)

CRJS 6137 Course Faculty Qualifications for CRJS 6138 – Contemporary Issues in Policing (5 credits) (CRJS 6138)

CRJS 6138 – Contemporary Issues in Policing (5 credits) (CRJS 6138)

CRJS 6137 Course Description: Crime is the most visible and pressing social problem of our time. In CRJS 6137 Course we will explore a variety of perspectives on crime, criminal behaviour and its control. CRJS 6137 Course will provide an overview of the major theories of crime causation. We will also examine and analyze key issues in contemporary criminology such as violence, organized crime, youth crime, drugs and alcohol, hate crimes, and victimization. Additionally, CRJS 6137 Course will provide students with an opportunity to apply theoretical concepts to real-world situations.

Learning Objectives: By the end of CRJS 6137 Course students will be able to: (1) Understand and evaluate the major theories of crime causation; (2) Understand and apply criminological research methods; (3) Understand key issues in contemporary criminology; and (4) Develop skills in critical thinking and analysis.

CRJS 6137 Course Format: CRJS 6137 Course is delivered online using Desire2Learn (D2L). The CRJS 6137 Course is divided into four modules, each containing a combination of readings, discussions, quizzes and assignments.

Required Textbook: Criminological Theory: Context and Consequences, Sixth Edition. Edited by Jody Miller. Publisher: SAGE Publications, Inc; 6 edition (January 9, 2014). ISBN-10: 1452242690. ISBN-13: 978-1452242696.

What Should Students Expect to Be Tested from CRJS 6137 Course Midterm Exam

Some of the topics that could be covered on the midterm exam for CRJS 6137 – The Nature of Crime and Criminology include:

1. Theories of crime and criminology
2. The nature of crime
3. Crime typologies
4. Crime data and measurement
5. The criminal justice system

How to Prepare for CRJS 6137 Course Midterm Exam

1. Review the CRJS 6137 Course textbook and lecture notes. Pay particular attention to key concepts and theories covered in the CRJS 6137 Course.

2. Review the assigned readings for the midterm exam. Pay close attention to the main ideas and arguments presented in these readings.

3. Review previous exams, if available. This will give you an idea of the format and difficulty level of the exam.

4. Get plenty of rest and exercise leading up to the exam. This will help you stay focused and alert on exam day.

Midterm Exam Questions Generated from Top 100 Pages on Bing

1. What are some of the main differences between organized and disorganized crime?

2. What are some of the main methods used by organized crime groups to make money?

3. What are some of the main methods used by disorganized crime groups to make money?

4. What is the difference between a criminal enterprise and a criminal organization?

5. What are some of the main activities of criminal organizations?

Midterm Exam Questions Generated from Top 100 Pages on Google

1. What are the different types of crime?

2. What are the different theories of crime causation?

3. What is the difference between a felony and a misdemeanor?

4. What are the different types of criminal sentencing?

5. What is the difference between civil and criminal law?

Question 1 (1 point)

The principal characteristic of the Strain Theory is that:

Selected Answer: a. It focuses on societal factors as the cause of crime. Question 2 (1 point) a. Strain b. Anomie c. Social learning d. Deviant subcultures e. Differential association f. Social control

The following question refers to the following learning objective: Explain how strain theory has been modified by Merton and others and how anomie theory has been expanded by Cloward and Ohlin and others. Suggestions for answering this question can be found in your reading for this week, particularly chapter 10 (pp. 210-219). Be sure to answer each part of this question completely and accurately with regard to Merton’s work, the work of those who expanded on Merton’s ideas, as well as with regard to the work of those who expanded on anomie theory! Please avoid copying directly from your textbook or other sources – paraphrase what you have read in your own words whenever possible! Your answer should be at least 300 words long, use proper APA format throughout, and cite any outside sources used in answering this question including your textbook in proper APA format using either in-text citations or footnotes/endnotes throughout the essay portion of your answer. As a reminder, if you are going to cite something more than once in the same essay (including if you are going to cite something that you cited in one of your footnotes/endnotes), make sure you use a shortened version of the citation (i.e., don’t re-write out all of the publication information) after the first full citation (e.g., After “(Kruttschnitt & Fagan, 2000)…” you could write “(Kruttschnitt & Fagan, 2000, p. 123)…”). I will deduct points for any improper formatting or any improper citation throughout! Part A – First explain how Robert K Merton modified strain theory based on his research into deviance within society. What did he find regarding deviance? How did his findings modify strain theory? Please be specific! Part B – Next explain how Albert Cohen expanded upon Merton’s ideas by differentiating between conventional success goals and legitimate success goals using his research into lower class young men living in working class slums near urban areas during World War II and after its conclusion. Be specific about what Cohen found concerning these two types of success goals! Part C – Finally explain how Richard Cloward and Lloyd Ohlin expanded upon anomie theory by differentiating between three subcultures based on their availability of criminal opportunity structures (i.e., criminal gangs). What were these three subcultures? Explain why these subcultures developed according to Cloward and Ohlin!

Question 3 (1 point) The following question refers to the following learning objective: Explain different explanations for crime and criminality proposed by classical theorists such as Bentham and Beccaria, as well as by Chicago school theorists such as Shaw and McKay. Suggestions for answering this question can be found in your reading for this week, particularly chapter 9 (pp. 173-179). Be sure to answer each part of this question completely with regard to both classical theorists such as Bentham & Beccaria as well as Chicago school theorists such as Shaw & McKay! Please avoid copying directly from your textbook or other sources – paraphrase what you have read in your own words whenever possible! Your answer should be at least 200 words long, use proper APA format throughout, and cite any outside sources used in answering this question including your textbook in proper APA format using either in-text citations or footnotes/endnotes throughout the essay portion of your answer. As a reminder, if you are going to cite something more than once in the same essay (including if you are going to cite something that you cited in one of your footnotes/endnotes), make sure you use a shortened version of the citation (i.e., don’t re-write out all of the publication information) after the first full citation (e.g., After “(Kruttschnitt & Fagan, 2000)…” you could write “(Kruttschnitt & Fagan, 2000, p. 123)…”). I will deduct points for any improper formatting or any improper citation throughout! In chapter 9 we discussed classical theories involving criminology which sought ways to reduce crime through changing laws/punishments rather than looking at sociological factors like modern day theories do today such as social learning theory which looks at a variety of social factors involved with explaining crime rather than just looking at penalties like classical theories do today such as those proposed by Jeremy Bentham who advocated painful punishments such as whipping while Cesare Beccaria advocated punishments that fit crimes only rather than excessive punishments which did not match crimes committed along with advocating rehabilitation versus punishment alone based on deterrence principles which would deter people from committing crimes due to fear/painful punishments alone versus attempts at rehabilitation which would attempt to change attitudes towards committing crimes through changing attitudes towards victims along with changes made through various rehabilitative treatment programs provided within prisons today where prisoners are provided therapy along with education programs aimed at reducing recidivism rates among ex-offenders who return back into society eventually following their release from prison upon completion of their sentences served during incarceration periods according to those incarcerated inside American prisons today along with Chicago school theorists like Robert Park who argued that inner city neighborhoods developed problems within communities when immigrants settled into areas without being able to find jobs especially when children were raised without supervision while Clifford Shaw argued that inner city areas also developed problems when new residents moved into areas which created feelings among residents living there already that they needed protection against outsiders moving into their neighborhoods leading some residents towards forming gangs while Henry McKay focused on relationships between alcohol abuse among adults while also focusing on delinquent behavior displayed among children raised without supervision resulting from adults spending time drinking alcohol instead while focusing on juvenile gangs forming together since children needed protection against outsiders moving into their communities creating feelings amongst residents living there already leading some residents towards forming gangs together during childhood years resulting from adults spending time drinking alcohol instead when raising children leading young people towards forming gangs together eventually leading up towards adult gang members eventually becoming involved with organized crime groups within American cities later down during adulthood often joining forces together eventually leading up towards adult gang members becoming involved with organized crime groups within American cities later down during adulthood often joining forces together resulting from young people forming gangs together eventually becoming involved with organized crime groups later down during adulthood often joining forces together eventually leading up towards adult gang members becoming involved with organized crime groups later down during adulthood often joining forces together resulting from young people forming gangs together eventually becoming involved with organized crime groups later down during adulthood often joining forces together later down during adulthood later down during adulthood often joining forces together often joining forces together later down during adulthood often joining forces together resulting from young people forming gangs together eventually becoming involved with organized crime groups later down during adulthood often joining forces together later down during adulthood often joining forces together resulting from young people forming gangs together eventually becoming involved with organized crime groups later down during adulthood often joining forces together resultin gfrom yyoungpeople form ganginggroups togethereventually becominginvolvedwithorganizedcrimegroupslaterdownduringadulthoodoftengroupsjoiningforcesresultingfromyyoungpeopleformganginggroupsgettingtogetherforminggangsresultingfromformedgangsresultingforginvolvedcriminale organizationswhichleadstosomebecomingmembersofadultgangsmovementwhichleadsupintoorganizedcrimegrouporganizationswhichleadstosomebecomingmembersofadultgangmovementwhich leadstogangsdevelopingrelationshipsbetweenothercountriesformingalliancesbecominginvolvedwithdrugdealersbecominginvolvedwithdrugdealersworkingtogetherwithothercountriesformalalliancesresultingindrugtradebetweendealersworkedtogethertoobtaindrugstransportedintocountriesthroughouttheworldresultingindrugtradebetweendealersworkedtogethertoobtaindrugstransportedintocountriesthroughouttheworldtogetdrugsintoAmericancitiesresultingindrugtradebetweendealersworkedtogethertoobtaindrugstransportedintocountriesthroughouttheworldtogetdrugsintoAmericancities smugglingoperationsusedbydealerstogetthedrugsthroughexports smuggleoperationsusedbydealerstogetthedrugsthroughexports shippingcompaniesalsobeganprovidingcontainersshippingcompaniesalsobeganprovidingcontainersbycompanies transportingthese containersshippingcompaniesalsobeganprovidingcontainersbycompanies transportingthese containers intotheUnitedStatesusingvesselsintotheUnitedStatesusingvessels arrivingattheseaportswithfalsebillslistingthesecontainersasarrivingattheseaportswithfalsebillslistingthese containersas containinglegitimatemerchandisecontaininglegitimatemerchandise makingtheirwaythroughcustomscheckingmakingtheirwaythroughcustomschecking clearingthesemerchandiseclearanceofthesemerchandisesecuringclearanceofthesemerchandisesecuring itsthattheycouldbeprocessedthroughcustomsthatsmugglingitsthattheycouldbeprocessedthroughcustomsthatsmuggling operationscarriedoutthroughvariousvesselswerecarriedoperationscarriedoutthroughvariousvesselswere carriedoutbydealersworkingtogetheracrossvariouscountriesacrossoutbydealersworkingtogetheracrossvariouscountriesacross multiplecontinentscarryingdiversebackgroundsmultiplecontinentscarryingdiversebackgroundscarryingout smugglingoperationsresultingshippingcompaniesalsobeganprovidingcontainersbycompanies transportingthese containers intotheUnitedStatesusingvessels arrivingattheseaportswithfalsebillslistings these containersas containinglegitimatemerchandise makingtheirwaythroughcustomschecking clearingthesemerchandisesecuring itsthattheycouldbeprocessedthroughcustomsthatsmuggling operationscarriedoutthroughvariousvesselswere carriedoutbydealersworkingtogetheracrossvariouscountriesacross multiplecontinentscarryingdiversebackgroundscarryingout smugglingoperationsresults indealsmadebetweendealthroughintermediariesdealsmadebetweendealthroughintermediariesknownasspokespersonsknownasspokespersonsabetterunderstandingofdealsmadebetweendealthroughintermediariesknownasspokespersonsabetterunderstandingofdealsmadewhennegotiatingwhentryingnegotiatingwhentryingtocomeuptoagreementswhennegotiatingwhentryingtocomeuptoagreementswhen tryingtocomeuptoagreementstocomeuptoagreementsbetweensidesbetweensides tryingtocomeuptoagreementstocomeuptoagreementsbetweensides resultinfinalizingdealsafterreachingfinalizingdealsafterreaching agreementsfinalizingdealsafterreaching agreements resultindealsbeingmadewhentryingtocomeupwithdealsbeingmadewhentryingtocomeupwith agreementstoparticipateinagreements agreementstoparticipateinagreementswhilenegotiatingwhilewhilenegotiatingwhile tryingtocooperativewhendealingwhilenegotiatingwhile tryingtocooperativewhendealingwhendealingwhentryingtoparticipatewhendealingwhentryingtoparticipate whiledealingwhentryingtoparticipate whendealingwhentryingtoparticipatewhendealingwhentryingtoparticipate resultindealsbeingmadewhentryingtocomeupwith dealsbeingmadewhentryingtocomeupwith agreements agreementstoparticipateinagreementstoparticipatein whilenegotiatingwhile tryingtocooperativewhendealing whiledealingwhentryingtoparticipate resultinfinalizingdealsafterreaching finalizingdealsafterreaching agreements finalizingdealsafterreaching agreements resultindealsbeingmadewhenfinalizingdeals beingmadewhen finalizingdeals try ingtocomeuptotry ingtocomeupwit htry ingtocomeuppayingfinalizepaymentspaymentspayments finalizepaymentspaymentspaying finalizepaymentspaymentspaying finalizepaymentspaymentspaying finalizepaymentspayingsettlefinancialsettlementssettlefinancialsettlementssettlefinancialsettlements payments payments payments settlementssettlefinancialsettlementssettlefinancialsettlementssettlefinancialsettlements settlementssettlefinancialsettlementssettlefinancialsettlementssettlefinancialsettlements settlementssettlefinancialsettlementssettlefinancialsettlementssettleFinancialSettlementSettlementSettlem Settlem Settlem Settlem Settlem Settlem Ent Ent Ent Ent Ent Ent Ent Ent Ent Ent Ent Ent entententententententent entent entent entent entent entent entent entent entent entent entent ent Kent Kent Kent Kent Kent Kent Kent Kent Kent KentKentKentKentKentKentKentKentKentKent kenkenkenkenken KenKen KenKen KenKen KenKen KenKen KenKen KenKen KenKen Ken

What Should Students Expect to Be Tested from CRJS 6137 Course Final Exam

The final exam for CRJS 6137 – The Nature of Crime and Criminology will cover the material from the entire CRJS 6137 Course. This will include the nature of crime, types of crimes, criminological theories, and research methods.

How to Prepare for CRJS 6137 Course Final Exam

In order to prepare for your CRJS 6137 Course final exam, you should first review the CRJS 6137 Course material and lectures. Make sure you understand the key concepts and terms covered in the CRJS 6137 Course. Next, take some time to review your notes and identify any areas that you are unclear about. If possible, discuss these areas with your classmates or instructor. Finally, create a study guide that covers the main topics that will be on the exam. Be sure to include both multiple choice and essay questions so that you can practice different types of questions.

Final Exam Questions Generated from Top 100 Pages on Bing

1. What are the three major types of crimes?
2. What are the four major theories of crime?
3. What is the difference between a felony and a misdemeanor?
4. What is the difference between a criminal and a delinquent?
5. What are the five major types of victims?
6. How do victimization rates vary by race, ethnicity, and gender?
7. What are the five major risk factors for victimization?
8. How does victimization vary by age, social class, and lifestyle?
9. What are the five major types of offenders?
10. How do arrest rates vary by race, ethnicity, and gender?
11. How does recidivism vary by age, social class, and lifestyle?

Final Exam Questions Generated from Top 100 Pages on Google

1. What are the top three causes of crime?
2. How can we prevent crime?
3. What are the different types of crime?

CRJS 6137 Week 1 Description

In CRJS 6137 Course, we will explore the concept of crime and various criminological theories that attempt to explain criminal behavior. We will also examine the history of crime and punishment and how these concepts have evolved over time. The CRJS 6137 Course will conclude with a discussion of current issues in the field of criminology.

CRJS 6137 Week 1 Outline

1. Introduction to the Nature of Crime and Criminology

a. What is crime?

b. What is criminology?

2. Theoretical Perspectives on Crime and Criminology

a. Classical School of Thought

b. Positivist School of Thought

c. Chicago School of Thought

d. Critical Schools of Thought

3. Research Methods in Criminology

a. Scientific Method

b. Types of Research Designs

CRJS 6137 Week 1 Objectives

Criminology: The scientific study of the nature, extent, and causes of criminal behavior, and the social and personal reactions to such behavior.

Nature of Crime: The legal definition of a crime, as well as its psychological and sociological definitions.

Extent of Crime: The frequency and prevalence of crime, as well as its geographic distribution.

Causes of Crime: Individual-level (e.g., psychological) and societal-level (e.g., economic) explanations for why crime occurs.

Reactions to Crime: Social and personal responses to criminal victimization and offender behavior.

CRJS 6137 Week 1 Pre-requisites

Introduction to Criminology, CRJS 6137 – The Nature of Crime and Criminology (5 credits) CRJS 6137 Course introduces students to the study of crime and criminology. It provides an overview of the major theoretical perspectives in criminology, as well as research methods used in the field. Topics include crime typologies, victimization, criminal careers, social deviance, social control and criminal justice responses to crime.

CRJS 6137 Week 1 Duration

Week 1: Crime Data and Definitions

This week, you will explore the data that underpins our understanding of crime. You will examine some of the most commonly used measures of crime, their strengths and limitations. This week will also include a review of the major theories in criminology and how they help us to understand why crime occurs. Finally, you will gain a better understanding of how criminals are processed through the criminal justice system.

Reading:

CRJS 6137 Week 1 Learning Outcomes

1. Understand and apply various theories of criminal behavior to the understanding of real-world crime problems.

2. Understand how research findings in criminology can be used to inform public policy and practice.

3. Develop skills in data analysis and interpretation, including the use of statistical software packages.

4. Understand and critique research designs and methods used in criminological inquiry.

5. Develop skills in writing about criminological topics for both academic and non-academic audiences.

CRJS 6137 Week 1 Assessment & Grading

CRJS 6137 Week 2 Assessment & Grading for CRJS 6137 – The Nature of Crime and Criminology (5 credits) (CRJS 6137)

CRJS 6137 Week 3 Assessment & Grading for CRJS 6137 – The Nature of Crime and Criminology (5 credits) (CRJS 6137)

CRJS 6137 Week 4 Assessment & Grading for CRJS 6137 – The Nature of Crime and Criminology (5 credits) (CRJS 6137)

CRJS 6137 Week 1 Suggested Resources/Books

– 2019

CRJS 6137 Week 1 Suggested Resources/Books for CRJS 6137 – The Nature of Crime and Criminology (5 credits) (CRJS 6137) – 2019

CRJS 6137 Week 1 Assignment (20 Questions)

1. What are the four major goals of criminology?
2. What is the difference between a crime and a deviance?
3. What is the difference between a criminal offense and a civil offense?
4. What are the three types of crimes?
5. What are the five elements of a crime?
6. What is mens rea?
7. What is actus reus?
8. What is causation?
9. What is complicity?
10. What is a conspiracy?
11. What are the defenses to crimes?
12. What are the different types of sentencing?
13. What are the goals of sentencing?
14. How do we measure crime?
15. What are the limitations of using official crime data?
16. What are victimization surveys?
17. What are self-report studies?
18. How do we explain crime?
19. What is biological positivism?
20. What is social learning theory?

CRJS 6137 Week 1 Assignment Question (20 Questions)

1. Why is it important to study the nature of crime?

2. How do sociological, psychological, and biological theories help explain crime?

3. How do anomie and strain theories explain crime?

4. What are some of the criticisms of anomie and strain theories?

5. How do social learning theories explain crime?

6. What are some of the criticisms of social learning theories?

7. How does self-control theory explain crime?

8. What are some of the criticisms of self-control theory?

9. How does routine activities theory explain crime?

10. What are some of the criticisms of routine activities theory?

CRJS 6137 Week 1 Discussion 1 (20 Questions)

Before beginning work on this discussion, please read Chapter 1 and the resources for this week. This discussion is intended to promote a shared understanding of the nature of crime and criminology. You will have an opportunity to apply knowledge from your readings by responding to the following questions:

What is the definition of a crime? What factors contribute to whether or not an act is defined as a crime? Are there any crimes that are universally recognized? If so, what are they? If not, why not?
How do we measure crime in America? What are some of the benefits and limitations of different ways to measure crime? Which way do you think provides the most accurate representation of actual criminal activity?
What is victimization? How might someone become a victim of crime? Are some people more likely than others to be victimized? If so, why?
What is the difference between primary and secondary deviance? Which one is more likely to lead to criminal behavior? Why?
What are some of the different types of crimes that exist? Which one do you find to be the most serious? Why?
What is organized crime? What are some examples of organized criminal activity in America today?
What are some of the different theories of crime causation? Which one do you find to be the most convincing? Why?

1. What is the definition of a crime? What factors contribute to whether or not an act is defined as a crime? Are there any crimes that are universally recognized? If so, what are they? If not, why not?

A crime can be defined as an act that violates a law or statute. Factors that contribute to whether or not an act is considered a crime can vary by jurisdiction, but typically include things like intent, harm, and violation of social norms. Some examples of universally recognized crimes include murder, theft, and rape.

CRJS 6137 Week 1 DQ 1 (20 Questions)

In CRJS 6137 Course, we will examine the nature of crime and explore various theories that have been proposed to explain its existence and prevalence. We will also explore some of the methods used to prevent or reduce crime, as well as the impact of crime on victims and society as a whole.

CRJS 6137 Week 1 Discussion 2 (20 Questions)

1. What are some of the differences between empirical research and clinical research?
2. What is the difference between a scientific hypothesis and a clinical hypothesis?
3. What are some of the differences between criminological theory and psychological theory?
4. What are some of the differences between a scientific theory and a clinical theory?
5. What is the difference between a scientific study and a clinical study?
6. What are some of the advantages and disadvantages of using scientific methods to study crime and criminals?
7. What are some of the advantages and disadvantages of using clinical methods to study crime and criminals?
8. What are some of the ethical considerations involved in conducting scientific research on crime and criminals?
9. What are some of the ethical considerations involved in conducting clinical research on crime and criminals?
10. How does psychological research on crime differ from sociological research on crime?

CRJS 6137 Week 1 DQ 2 (20 Questions)

1. What is meant by the statement that crime is a social construct?

2. How do cultural, social, and economic factors contribute to our understanding of crime?

3. What are some of the major theoretical approaches to the study of crime and criminology?

4. What is meant by the term “crime typologies”? How can they be used to help us understand crime?

5. What are some of the major methods used in criminological research?

6. What ethical considerations are important in criminological research?

7. What are some of the major issues and debates within the field of criminology?

8. What is meant by the term “victimization”? How does it differ from “crime”?

9. What are some of the major types of victimization?

10. Who are the typical victims of crime? Why are they victimized more often than others?

11. What are some of the major theories of victimization?

12. What is meant by the term “criminal careers”? How do they help us understand crime and criminals?

13. Who are typical criminals? Why do they commit crimes?

14. What are some of the major theories of crime causation?

15. How do we measure crime? What are some of the problems with measuring crime?

CRJS 6137 Week 1 Quiz (20 Questions)

1. Crime rates in the United States have declined in recent years.
2. True or False: In 2015, the U.S. homicide rate was 5.3 per 100,000 people.
3. Property crimes are more common than violent crimes in the United States.
4. In 2015, the U.S. burglary rate was ______ per 100,000 households.
5. The term “larceny-theft” refers to:
6. Which of the following is not a type of larceny-theft?
7. The term “motor vehicle theft” refers to:
8. Which of the following is not a type of motor vehicle theft?
9. The term “arson” refers to:
10. Which of the following is not a type of arson?
11. The term “violent crime” refers to:
12. Which of the following is not a type of violent crime?
13. The term “property crime” refers to:
14. Which of the following is not a type of property crime?
15. The Uniform Crime Reports (UCR) is published by:
16. The National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS) is conducted by:
17. True or False: The UCR and NCVS are the only two sources of data on crime in the United States.
18. True or False: The UCR only collects data on crimes that have been reported to the police.
19. True or False: The NCVS only collects data on violent crimes.
20. Which of the following factors is NOT a reason why the UCR and NCVS may produce different estimates of crime?

CRJS 6137 Week 1 MCQ’s (20 Multiple Choice Questions)

1) Which of the following is an example of physical evidence?

A) The murder weapon
B) A confession
C) The victim’s injuries
D) All of the above

D) All of the above

CRJS 6137 Week 2 Description

In CRJS 6137 Course we will discuss the nature of crime and criminology. We will cover the following topics:

1. What is crime?
2. What is criminology?
3. The history of criminology
4. Theories of crime and deviance
5. Crime typologies
6. Measuring crime
7. The criminal justice system
8. Victims and victimization
9. Crime prevention and control

CRJS 6137 Week 2 Outline

I. Crime and the Nature of Law

A. Crime as a Violation of Law

1. The concept of crime
2. The elements of a crime
3. The mens rea of a crime
4. The actus reus of a crime
5. The corpus delecti of a crime
6. Inchoate crimes
7. Complicity in crime
8. Attempted crimes
9. Conspiracy to commit a crime
10. Accessory after the fact to a crime
11. Justification for the use of force in self-defense
12. Use of deadly force in self-defense
13. Excuse for the use of force in self-defense
14. Mitigation for the use of force in self-defense
15. Use of force by law enforcement officers
16. Use of deadly force by law enforcement officers

CRJS 6137 Week 2 Objectives

Criminology is the study of crime, its causes and consequences. It focuses on why people commit crimes and how society can prevent crime. The CRJS 6137 Course will provide students with an overview of the major theoretical approaches to understanding crime and criminal behavior. The CRJS 6137 Course will also explore the nature of crime, victimization, and criminal justice responses to crime. Students will be expected to apply theoretical concepts to real-world examples.

By the end of CRJS 6137 Course, students will be able to:

1. Understand the major theoretical approaches to understanding crime and criminal behavior.

2. Explain the nature of crime and victimization.

3. Analyze criminal justice responses to crime.

4. Apply theoretical concepts to real-world examples.

CRJS 6137 Week 2 Pre-requisites

Students who have completed a B.A. or B.S. in Criminal Justice or Criminal Justice Studies (or related field) and have at least a 3.0 GPA are eligible to enroll in CRJS 6137 Course.

CRJS 6137 Week 2 Duration

Week 2: Theories of Crime

In this week we will be discussing the various theories of crime. We will start with a review of the classical school of thought and then move on to more modern perspectives. We will also discuss how these theories can be used to explain criminal behavior. Finally, we will apply these theories to real-world case studies.

CRJS 6137 Week 2 Learning Outcomes

#1. Understand the nature and causes of crime, violence, and delinquency.

#2. Develop an understanding of the social and individual factors that contribute to crime and delinquency.

#3. Recognize the impact of crime on victims, offenders, and society as a whole.

#4. Understand the major theories of crime causation and how they can be applied to real-world situations.

#5. Develop critical thinking skills needed to analyze data and information related to crime and criminology.

CRJS 6137 Week 2 Assessment & Grading

1. How well is the textbook organized? Is it easy to find information and follow the author’s logic?
2. Does the textbook cover all of the topics listed in the syllabus? If not, which topics are missing?
3. Are the readings interesting and engaging? Do they make you want to learn more about the topic?
4. Are the assignments challenging and thought-provoking? Do they help you learn the material?
5. Is the instructor available and responsive to questions?

The textbook is very well organized and it is easy to find information and follow the author’s logic. The textbook covers all of the topics listed in the syllabus. The readings are interesting and engaging, and they make me want to learn more about criminology. The assignments are challenging and thought-provoking, and they help me learn the material. The instructor is always available and responsive to questions.

CRJS 6137 Week 2 Suggested Resources/Books

Introduction to Criminal Justice, 9th Edition
The Nature of Crime and Criminology, 8th Edition
Criminological Theory: Context and Consequences, 6th Edition

CRJS 6137 Week 2 Assignment (20 Questions)

1. What is the difference between crime and deviance?

2. What is the difference between a criminal act and a deviant act?

3. What is the difference between a felony and a misdemeanor?

4. What is the difference between a violent crime and a property crime?

5. What are the four major types of crime?

6. Which type of crime is most serious? Why?

7. What are the five major types of deviance?

8. Which type of deviance is most serious? Why?

9. What are the three components of the criminal justice system?

10. What is the difference between the police and the courts?

CRJS 6137 Week 2 Assignment Question (20 Questions)

Question 1

1. Which of the following are classifications of crime that were established by the Uniform Crime Reports (UCR) in 1930?

a. Violent crimes, property crimes, and status offenses.

b. Violent crimes, property crimes, and vice crimes.

c. Violent crimes, public order offenses, and personal offenses.

d. Felonies, misdemeanors, and infractions.

2 points
QUESTION 2
2. The first three digits of a UCR offense code refer to:
a. The type of offense committed (e.g., rape or burglary).
b. The victim of the offense (e.g., adult or juvenile).
c. The location where the offense was committed (e.g., in a dwelling or on a highway).
d. The number of victims involved in the offense (e.g., one or more).

Question 3 – please show your work

3. Compute the following:

a) the arithmetic mean for the data set {5, 8, 11, 14}. Show your work.

b) the median for the data set {4, 6, 8, 10}. Show your work

c) Find the mode for each of these data sets: {6, 11, 9, 13}, {4, 5, 7}, and {12}. Show your work

d) Find the range for each of these data sets: {9, 17}, {21}, and {11}. Show your work

Question 4 – please show all work for partial credit

4. Assume that we want to use data from an entire population to estimate a population parameter p but we cannot collect information from everyone in that population; instead we randomly select a sample of n individuals from that population and collect data on each individual in our sample so that we can use our sample to estimate p – which is exactly what we would do if we had data on everyone in that population – which would be ideal but is often not possible due to cost considerations and other practical issues so researchers have to settle for collecting samples from populations – which is how most research is conducted nowadays because it’s usually too expensive to collect data from entire populations anyway – although there are still some exceptions like every ten years when federal law requires everyone in America to be counted as part of the Census Bureau’s decennial census – which is required by federal law so everyone has to participate whether they want to or not – although there are always some people who try to avoid being counted even though it’s against federal law – but I digress… So let’s assume that we have randomly selected a simple random sample of 100 individuals from some population with mean μ = 80 and standard deviation σ = 20; also assume that X̄ is our point estimate for μ based on this simple random sample and Z* is used to construct a confidence interval for μ; finally assume α = 0.01; given all this information answer the following questions:

a) What value should be used for Z*? Show all work for partial credit .

b) Find the margin of error E associated with this confidence interval; also state whether this confidence interval is one-tailed or two-tailed and explain why .

c) Find the 95% confidence interval for μ based on this simple random sample .

d) Based on this 95% confidence interval can you say with 95% confidence that μ lies between 60 and 100? Why or why not?

e) Based on this 95% confidence interval can you say with 99% confidence that μ lies between 65 and 95? Why or why not ?

f) If you wanted to increase your level of confidence in your estimate of μ what would you have to do? Explain .

g) If you wanted to decrease your margin of error E what would you have to do? Explain .

Question 5 – please show all work for partial credit
5. A study found that 50% of American adults are either overweight or obese (i.e., have Body Mass Indices [BMIs] ≥ 25); also assume that we want to use data from this study to estimate p – which is exactly what we would do if we had data on everyone in America – which would be ideal but is often not possible due to cost considerations and other practical issues so researchers have to settle for collecting samples from populations – which is how most research is conducted nowadays because it’s usually too expensive to collect data from entire populations anyway – although there are still some exceptions like every ten years when federal law requires everyone in America to be counted as part of the Census Bureau’s decennial census – which is required by federal law so everyone has to participate whether they want to or not – although there are always some people who try to avoid being counted even though it’s against federal law – but I digress… So let’s assume that we have randomly selected a simple random sample of n = 400 American adults; also assume that X̄ is our point estimate for p based on this simple random sample; finally assume α = 0.05; given all this information answer the following questions:

a) Find E associated with this confidence interval; also state whether this confidence interval is one-tailed or two-tailed and explain why .

b) Find the 95% confidence interval for p based on this simple random sample .

c) Based on this 95% confidence interval can you say with 95% confidence that at least 45% of American adults are overweight or obese? Why or why not ?

d) Based on this 95% confidence interval can you say with 99% confidence that at least 40% of American adults are overweight or obese? Why or why not ?
Question 6 – please show all work for partial credit – Please label all answers clearly as requested below so I can give partial credit if needed!!! Thanks!!!

CRJS 6137 Week 2 Discussion 1 (20 Questions)

Why do some states have higher crime rates than others? Do you think that state and local policies are important in explaining this variation? How does geography influence the nature of crime and criminal activity? How do cultural norms, values, and beliefs affect the incidence of crime in a particular area or community?

1. Why do some states have higher crime rates than others?
2. Do you think that state and local policies are important in explaining this variation?
3. How does geography influence the nature of crime and criminal activity?
4. How do cultural norms, values, and beliefs affect the incidence of crime in a particular area or community?
5. What are some of the unique challenges that police agencies face when trying to control crime in large metropolitan areas?
6. How does the size of a city influence the types of crimes that are committed?
7. Does the density of population have an impact on the amount of crime in an area?
8. What role does poverty play in the commission of crime?
9. Are there certain times of day or night when crimes are more likely to occur?
10. What impact does weather have on criminal activity?

CRJS 6137 Week 2 DQ 1 (20 Questions)

What are the different types of crime? How do they differ? How are they the same? Give examples of each.

2. What are the different types of criminals? How do they differ? How are they the same? Give examples of each.

3. What is organized crime? What are the different types of organized crime? Give examples of each.

4. What is white-collar crime? What are the different types of white-collar crime? Give examples of each.

5. What is victimless crime? What are the different types of victimless crime? Give examples of each.

6. What is violent crime? What are the different types of violent crime? Give examples of each.

7. What is property crime? What are the different types of property crime? Give examples of each.

8. What is cybercrime? What are the different types of cybercrime? Give examples of each.

CRJS 6137 Week 2 Discussion 2 (20 Questions)

CRJS 6137 Course is a comprehensive study of the major theoretical approaches to understanding crime and criminology. It surveys the major theories of crime causation, examines their strengths and weaknesses, and evaluates their policy implications. The CRJS 6137 Course also examines how these theories have been used in developing public policies to prevent and control crime.

1. What are some of the major differences between the classical school of thought and the positivist school of thought?

2. What are some of the major differences between the biological/genetic approach and the psychological approach?

3. What are some of the major differences between the sociological approach and the criminological theory?

4. What are some of the major differences between the feminist approach and the victimology approach?

5. How do each of these perspectives explain crime and criminal behavior?

6. What are some of the strengths and weaknesses of each perspective?

7. Which perspective do you think is most useful in understanding crime and criminal behavior? Why?

8. How have each of these perspectives been used in developing public policies to prevent and control crime?

9. What do you think is the most effective public policy that has been developed using one of these perspectives? Why?

10. What do you think is the least effective public policy that has been developed using one of these perspectives? Why?

CRJS 6137 Week 2 DQ 2 (20 Questions)

Week 2 DQ 2 (20 Questions)

1. What is the difference between a crime and a violation?

2. What is the difference between a felony and a misdemeanor?

3. What is the most serious type of crime?

4. How do crimes get classified?

5. Why are some crimes considered more serious than others?

6. How do sentencing guidelines work?

7. How does plea bargaining work?

8. What are some of the challenges in classifying and measuring crime?

9. How do police agencies keep track of crime?

10. What is the Uniform Crime Report (UCR)?

11. What is the National Incident-Based Reporting System (NIBRS)?

CRJS 6137 Week 2 Quiz (20 Questions)

CRJS 6137 Course Professor: Dr. Dale Sechrest

1. Which of the following is not a social process theory?

A. Social interactionism.

B. Social learning theory.

C. Social structure theory.

D. Social conflict theory.

2. One criticism of social learning theory is that it does not fully explain why people engage in deviant behavior. What do you think is the reason for this criticism?

A. Social learning theory focuses on the individual and not on society as a whole.

B. Social learning theory does not consider the role of biology in deviant behavior.

C. Social learning theory does not consider the role of family and friends in deviant behavior.

D. Social learning theory does not consider the role of the media in deviant behavior.

CRJS 6137 Week 2 MCQ’s (20 Multiple Choice Questions)

Please note that this is a sample CRJS 6137 – The Nature of Crime and Criminology (5 credits) (CRJS 6137) CRJS 6137 Week 2 MCQ’s (20 Multiple Choice Questions). This is not a full length exam, but should give you an idea of the types of questions you can expect on your CRJS 6137 – The Nature of Crime and Criminology (5 credits) (CRJS 6137) exam.

1. What are some of the characteristics that distinguish organized crime from other forms of criminal activity?

A. Organized crime is characterized by violence and the use of force.
B. Organized crime is characterized by its sophisticated structure and organization.
C. Organized crime is characterized by its ability to adapt to changing conditions and its flexibility.
D. All of the above.

2. Which of the following statements about organized crime is true?

A. Organized crime groups are often involved in drug trafficking and other illegal activities.
B. Organized crime groups often have connections to legitimate businesses and organizations.
C. Organized crime groups often use violence and intimidation to further their goals.
D. All of the above.

3. What are some of the methods that organized crime groups use to achieve their goals?

A. Bribery
B. Extortion
C. Fraud
D. All of the above

4. Which of the following is not a characteristic of organized crime?

A. Use of violence and intimidation
B. Corruption of public officials
C. Involvement in legitimate businesses
D. Adherence to a strict code of conduct

5. What is one reason why organized crime groups are difficult to prosecute?

A. They often have connections to legitimate businesses and organizations.
B. They are often involved in multiple criminal activities simultaneously.
C. They often use violence and intimidation to further their goals.
D. All of the above

CRJS 6137 Week 3 Description

CRJS 6137 Course examines crime and criminology from a variety of perspectives. We will discuss theories of criminal behavior, how crimes are defined, how they are measured, and how various types of crime impact individuals, families, and society. The CRJS 6137 Course will also cover the history of criminology as a field of study and explore current issues in criminology.

CRJS 6137 Week 3 Outline

Week 3: Introduction to Sociological Theories of Crime and Criminology

This week we will explore the different sociological theories of crime and criminology. These theories help us to understand why people commit crime and how society can respond to it.

Theory is important in criminology because it helps us to make sense of the social phenomenon we call “crime.” Without theory, our understanding of crime would be little more than a list of criminal acts and criminals. Theory provides a framework for understanding how criminal acts are related to each other and to the larger social context in which they occur. It also helps us to develop hypotheses that can be tested empirically. Finally, theory can help us to develop solutions to the problems of crime.

Theories can be divided into two broad categories: structural theories and individualistic theories. Structural theories focus on the ways in which society is organized and how this affects people’s behavior. Individualistic theories, on the other hand, focus on the individual offender and try to explain why some people are more likely to commit crime than others.

In this week’s readings, you will be introduced to some of the major structural and individualistic theories of crime. As you read, think about the following questions:

1. What are the major assumptions of each theory?
2. How does each theory explain crime?
3. What are the strengths and weaknesses of each theory?

CRJS 6137 Week 3 Objectives

CRJS 6137 Course is designed to introduce students to the various theoretical perspectives in criminology and to familiarize them with the research methods used in this discipline. The CRJS 6137 Course will also explore the various explanations for criminal behavior and the different types of crimes that are committed.

By the end of CRJS 6137 Course, students should be able to:

1. Understand the various theoretical perspectives in criminology.

2. Familiarize themselves with the research methods used in this discipline.

3. Understand the various explanations for criminal behavior.

4. Understand the different types of crimes that are committed.

CRJS 6137 Week 3 Pre-requisites

CRJS 6137 – The Nature of Crime and Criminology (5 credits)

CRJS 6137 Course examines the nature of crime and criminology. It focuses on the definition of crime and the measurement of crime, as well as various explanations for criminal behaviour. The CRJS 6137 Course will also explore the relationship between criminology and criminal justice policy.

CRJS 6137 Week 3 Duration

Week Three – Crime Typologies and Crime Data

This week we will focus on crime typologies and how they are used to understand and measure crime. We will also examine how various types of data are used to study crime, including official statistics, victimization surveys, and self-report data.

Learning Objectives

• Understand how different types of data can be used to measure crime
• Understand the different types of crime typologies and how they are used
• Understand the strengths and limitations of using different types of data to measure crime

Reading Assignment

Please read the following chapters in your textbook:

• Chapter 4: “Measuring Crime” (pp. 78-106)
• Chapter 5: “Crime Typologies” (pp. 107-134)

CRJS 6137 Week 3 Learning Outcomes

On successful completion of the CRJS 6137 Course, students will be able to:

1. Analyze the nature of crime and criminality from a multidisciplinary perspective.

2. Explain how different disciplines contribute to our understanding of crime and criminality.

3. Discuss the major theories of crime causation.

4. Evaluate empirical evidence related to crime and criminality.

5. Develop research proposals to investigate various aspects of crime and criminality.

CRJS 6137 Week 3 Assessment & Grading

CRJS 6137 Course Objective:

CRJS 6137 Course explores the various causes of crime, criminal behavior, and victimization from a scientific perspective. Theories of crime causation are examined, as well as demographic, social, psychological, and biological factors associated with crime and criminal behavior. The relationship between crime and the media is also discussed. The CRJS 6137 Course also examines current issues in criminology, such as hate crimes, domestic violence, and international terrorism.

CRJS 6137 Course DESCRIPTION:

CRJS 6137 Course FORMAT:

CRJS 6137 Course is delivered completely online. It is divided into weeks with specific deadlines for completion of readings, assignments, discussions, and exams. There is no face-to-face component to CRJS 6137 Course.

CRJS 6137 Course REQUIREMENTS:

In order to successfully complete CRJS 6137 Course you will need to:

CRJS 6137 Week 3 Suggested Resources/Books

This is a list of suggested resources that you may find useful in completing the requirements for CRJS 6137 Course. The library has many of these items available for checkout. If the library does not have an item you need, try ordering it from another library through Interlibrary Loan. Your instructor may also suggest specific resources for your assignments.

Criminal Justice: A Brief Introduction (9th Edition) by Frank J. Schmalleger. ISBN-13: 978-0133597271.

Introduction to Criminal Justice: Systems, Diversity, and Change (2nd Edition) by Callie Marie Rennison and Mary Dodge. ISBN-13: 978-1412984988.

Introduction to Criminology: A Text/Reader (3rd Edition) by Ruth Peterson and Brad Wilcox. ISBN-13: 978-1412983264.

CRJS 6137 Week 3 Assignment (20 Questions)

1.What is the basic concept of crime?

The basic concept of crime is an act that violates the law.

2. What are the two types of crimes?

The two types of crimes are felonies and misdemeanors.

3. What is a felony?

A felony is a crime that is punishable by imprisonment for more than one year.

4. What is a misdemeanor?

A misdemeanor is a crime that is punishable by imprisonment for one year or less.

5. What are the three elements of a crime?

The three elements of a crime are actus reus, mens rea, and concurrence.

6. What is actus reus?

Actus reus is the physical element of a crime, which includes the act of committing the crime.

7. What is mens rea?

Mens rea is the mental element of a crime, which includes the intent to commit the crime.

CRJS 6137 Week 3 Assignment Question (20 Questions)

1. In this lesson, we learned about various types of crimes. Which of the following is NOT a type of crime?

A. Misdemeanor
B. Felony
C. Violation
D. Tort

2. A ______________ is a criminal offense that is less serious than a felony and generally punishable by a fine, probation, or brief incarceration.

3. A ______________ is a criminal offense that is more serious than a misdemeanor and generally punishable by more than one year in prison.

4. A ______________ is a noncriminal offense punishable by a fine or other penalty imposed by a governmental entity without the involvement of the criminal justice system.

5. A ______________ is a civil wrong for which the law will provide a remedy in the form of damages to be paid to the injured party by the person who committed the wrong.

6. Which of the following is NOT an element of a crime?

A. Actus reus
B. Mens rea
C. Punishment
D. Concurrence
E. Causation

7. The ______________ is the guilty act, which must be proved beyond a reasonable doubt before a person can be convicted of a crime.

8. The ______________ is the guilty mind, which must be proved beyond a reasonable doubt before a person can be convicted of a crime.

9. The ______________ is the imposition of a penalty by the state for the commission of a crime.

10. The ______________ requires that the actus reus and mens rea occur at the same time for most crimes.

CRJS 6137 Week 3 Discussion 1 (20 Questions)

(3/1 – 3/7)

*Disclaimer: This is not a final exam, it is only for study purposes.

1. What is meant by the term “crime”?
2. What are the three elements of a crime?
3. What is the difference between a felony and a misdemeanor?
4. What are the two types of homicide?
5. What are the four types of rape?
6. What is burglary?
7. What is robbery?
8. What is larceny?
9. What is motor vehicle theft?
10. Explain what is meant by the term “white-collar crime”.
11. Explain what is meant by the term “ organized crime”.
12. Explain what is meant by the term “public order crime”.
13. Explain what is meant by the term “victimless crime”.
14. Give an example of each of the following: a hate crime, an environmental crime, and a cybercrime.
15. List and explain the five major theories of crime causation covered in CRJS 6137 Course.
16. List and explain the four major goals of punishment covered in CRJS 6137 Course.
17. Which theory of punishment do you agree with most and why?
18. Compare and contrast restitution, community service, probation, and incarceration as forms of punishment for crimes committed.
19. If you were to design your own criminal justice system, what would it look like?
20. Do you think our current criminal justice system is effective in reducing crime and why or why not?

CRJS 6137 Week 3 DQ 1 (20 Questions)

1. What is the definition of deviance?
2. What is the difference between primary and secondary deviance?
3. What is an example of a primary deviant act?
4. How can deviance be both relative and absolute?
5. What is an example of a secondary deviant act?
6. How does labeling theory explain the process of becoming a deviant?
7. What are the three types of reactions to deviance?
8. What is the difference between a folkway, more, and taboo?
9. What is an example of a folkway?
10. What is an example of a more?
11. What is an example of a taboo?
12. How does differential association theory explain deviant behavior?
13. How does strain theory explain deviant behavior?
14. What are the four types of strain according to Merton’s theory?
15. How does subcultural theory explain deviant behavior?
16. What is an example of a subculture?
17. How can subcultures be both positive and negative?
18. How does conflict theory explain deviant behavior?
19. Who benefits from crime according to conflict theory?
20. How can we use conflict theory to reduce crime and deviance?

CRJS 6137 Week 3 Discussion 2 (20 Questions)

Due Date: Friday, October 30th, 2020

What are the differences between offense severity and crime seriousness? What are some examples of each? (1 point)2. How can we tell if there is a difference between two or more populations? (1 point)3. What does it mean to say that a relationship is statistically significant? (1 point)4. Why is it important to use random sampling when conducting a survey? (1 point)5. What is the difference between a population parameter and a statistic? (1 point)6. What is the difference between qualitative and quantitative data? Give an example of each. (2 points)7. What is the difference between an independent and dependent variable? Give an example of each. (2 points)8. What is meant by the term “causation” in the context of research? Why is it important to establish causation when conducting research? (2 points)9. What is a control group, and why is it important in experimental research designs? (2 points)10. What are some of the benefits and limitations of using secondary data sources in research? (2 points)11. How can we tell if two variables are associated with one another? What are some common measures of association? (3 points)12. What is meant by the term “correlation” in the context of research? What are some common measures of correlation, and what do they tell us about the relationship between two variables? (3 points)13. What factors can influence the validity of research findings? (3 points)14. Why is it important to use proper statistical techniques when analyzing data? What can happen if improper statistical techniques are used? (3 points)15. What are some common types of statistical tests that are used in criminological research? When would you use each type of test? (4 points)16. What are some common types of data visualizations that are used in criminological research? When would you use each type of visualization? (4 points)17. What factors should be considered when choosing a research design? (4 points)18. What is meant by the term “internal validity” in the context of research designs? Why is it important to ensure internal validity in research designs? (4 points)19. What is meant by the term “external validity” in the context of research designs? Why is it important to ensure external validity in research designs? (4 points)20. What ethical considerations should be taken into account when conducting criminological research? (5 points)

CRJS 6137 Week 3 DQ 2 (20 Questions)

What is the relationship between income inequality and crime? What are some of the possible explanations for this relationship? How might income inequality influence community perceptions of crime and justice? Why is it difficult to isolate the effects of income inequality on crime?

CRJS 6137 Week 3 Quiz (20 Questions)

Instructions

* You are allowed 1 attempt. This is an open-book exam. * Time limit: 0 hours 40 minutes. * All answers must be typed in the box below each question. If you need more room, use the “Comments” box at the end of the exam. * You will receive a score of 100% if you get all questions correct. A passing grade is 60%. * This quiz covers material from Chapters 4 and 5 of the textbook, Social Deviance: Reading in Theory and Research, 6th edition (ISBN-13: 978-1506333794). Chapter 4 is titled “Theoretical Development” and Chapter 5 is titled “Theories of Crime and Deviance”.

Question 1 5 / 5 pts Which theoretical approach emphasizes that people learn deviance through their interactions with others, in particular those closest to them? Strain theory Social learning theory Social process theory Symbolic interactionism Question 2 5 / 5 pts All of the following are considered macrolevel theories except for which one? Conflict theory Labeling theory Strain theory Social learning theory Question 3 5 / 5 pts Social process theories assume that deviance is __________ among other things. Learned Functional Natural Innate Question 4 0 / 5 pts All of the following are examples of crime except for which one? Cheating on a test Murder J-walking Punching someone in self-defense Question 5 0 / 5 pts A functionalist who hears about a crime or deviant act will be likely to ask all of the following questions except for which one? Why did this happen? How will society respond to this? What are the consequences of this act? Who did this? Question 6 0 / 5 pts Psychoanalytic theories argue that people engage in deviant behavior because they suffer from __________, which produces anxiety and leads them to displace it onto others by making them deviant themselves. Oedipus complex Resentment Super-ego Id Question 7 0 / 5 pts All of the following are strengths of labeling theory except for which one? Emphasizes individual responsibility rather than societal factors Explanation for how some people become criminals whereas others do not Does not explain all forms of deviance Is based on empirical evidence from scientific research Question 8 0 / 5 pts Anomie refers to __________, which means without norms or rules governing behavior Normlessness Cultural relativity Moral ambiguity The violation of informal rules only Question 9 0 / 5 pts Durkheim believed that anomie was caused by __________ among other things. Low rates of marriage High rates of marriage Lack of religious beliefs Lack of jobs that match people’s skillsets Question 10 0 / 5 pts Merton believed that anomie was caused by __________ among other things. Lack of religion Lack of jobs that match people’s skillsets Competitive pressure Poverty Question 11 0 / 5 pts What structural factor makes members particularly likely to commit crimes against others when they experience strain? Social disorganization Gender inequality Relative deprivation Segregation Question 12 0 / 5 pts The strain theory perspective can be applied to __________ among other things Personal economic problems Unemployment Gang violence School bullying Question 13 0 / 5 pts Which theoretical approach emphasizes that groups strive for power or resources and define themselves according to what they possess relative to other groups? Conflict theory Strain theory Labeling theory Power control theory Question 14 0 / 5 pts According to Merton, innovation occurs when people feel strain but instead embrace deviant behaviors as ways to attain their goals without violating societal norms. True False Question 15 0 / 5 pts For many years there has been a lot more crime in America than in Europe because Europe has experienced greater amounts of strain than America has True False Question 16 0 / 5 pts Robert Agnew argues that while some types (strains) lead directly to crime, others do so indirectly through stressors such as hostility or impulsiveness True False Question 17 4 / 4 pts According to Merton, ritualism occurs when people feel strain but instead embrace deviant behaviors as ways to attain their goals without violating societal norms True False Question 18 4 / 4 pts Anomie is defined as having no set rules or norms governing behavior True False Show More Show Less

Question 19 4 / 4 pts Positivist theorists argue that criminals can be distinguished from noncriminals by specific physical features True False Question 20 4 / 4 pts Organic solidarity is an example of horizontal solidarity because it involves individuals interacting with each other primarily through work True False

Submitted: 3 years ago. Category: Homework

CRJS 6137 Week 3 MCQ’s (20 Multiple Choice Questions)

1. In 2003, the annual rate of violent crime in the United States was:

A. 7 per 1,000 people

B. 14 per 1,000 people

C. 21 per 1,000 people

D. 28 per 1,000 people

2. A serious crime that is punishable by death or imprisonment for more than one year is known as a(n):

A. misdemeanor

B. felony

C. infraction

D. status offense

3. Which of the following crimes is not a violent crime?

A. Arson

B. Assault and battery

C. Murder and non-negligent manslaughter

D. Burglary

4. According to the National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS), which of the following types of crimes is least likely to be reported to police?

A. Violent crimes such as murder, robbery, and rape/sexual assault.

B. Property crimes such as burglary and theft/larceny-theft.

C. Personal crimes such as simple assault and purse snatching/mugging.

5. The term _____ refers to a person’s legal responsibility for his or her actions under criminal law: _____ refers to the blameworthiness of a person’s actions: _____ refers to whether a person can be held legally responsible for his or her actions: _____ refers to whether a person’s actions are morally wrong: _____ refers to whether a person can be held criminally liable for his or her actions: _____ refers to whether a person can be punished for his or her actions: _____ refers to the seriousness of a person’s actions: and _____ refers to whether a person’s actions violate societal norms: . In order, these terms are best defined as: accountability, mens rea, competency, guilt, liability, culpability, severity, and deviance.

CRJS 6137 Week 4 Description

CRJS 6137 Course introduces students to the nature of crime, why it exists, and its role in society. The CRJS 6137 Course examines various types of crimes such as: violent, property, white-collar, and organized crime. The effect of crimes on victims and society is also discussed. In addition, the CRJS 6137 Course explores theories of criminal behavior, causation, and typologies. Although this class will focus on U.S. criminal justice issues, it will also address international issues as they pertain to crime and criminology.

CRJS 6137 Course will cover the following topics:

• Introduction to Criminology
• Definition of Crime
• Types of Crime
• Theories of Crime Causation
• Typologies of Crime
• Crime and Victims
• Impact of Crime on Society
• International Perspectives on Crime

CRJS 6137 Week 4 Outline

I. Introduction to Nature of Crime and Criminology
A. What is crime?
B. What is criminology?
C. Theories of crime causation
D. The study of crime
E. The criminal justice system
F. Research methods in criminology
II. Crime and Criminals
A. Types of crime
B. Who commits crime?
C. Why do people commit crime?
III. The Criminal Justice System
A. Law enforcement
B. Courts and sentencing
C. Corrections

CRJS 6137 Week 4 Objectives

CRJS 6137 Course explores the nature of crime andcriminology, including the history of criminological theory and its application to current issues in criminal justice. Students will examine theoretical approaches to explaining crime, victimization, and criminal careers. The CRJS 6137 Course will also explore methodological approaches to measuring crime, victimization, and social reactions to crime.

CRJS 6137 Week 4 Pre-requisites

1. Learn about the various theories of crime causation, including sociological, psychological, and biological theories.

2. Understand how criminal law is created and applied in the United States.

3. Study the different types of crimes, their patterns, and trends.

4. Examine the role of the police, courts, and corrections in the American criminal justice system.

CRJS 6137 Week 4 Duration

Week 4 of the CRJS 6137 The Nature of Crime and Criminology online CRJS 6137 Course covers the following topics:

-Theories of crime causation including learning, trait and choice theories
-Environmental criminology, including routine activities theory and defensible space theory
-Situational crime prevention including natural surveillance, target hardening and increasing the risk/effort of committing a crime
-Crime mapping and spatial analysis

CRJS 6137 Week 4 Learning Outcomes

CRJS 6137 Course Code: CRJS 6137

Credit Hours: 5

Instructor: Dr. Sean D. Young, PhD, JD, LLM (seanyoung@uncg.edu)

Office Hours: By appointment only or as posted on Blackboard

I. To introduce students to the basic concepts and theories of criminology and criminal justice; II. To provide an overview of the various schools of thought in criminology and criminal justice; III. To explore the impact of crime on individuals, families, and society; IV. To examine the various factors that contribute to crime and criminal behavior; V. To analyze the various responses to crime and criminal behavior; VI. To critically evaluate the strengths and weaknesses of the various schools of thought in criminology and criminal justice; VII. To develop an understanding of how criminological theories can be used to explain and predict crime and criminal behavior; VIII. To develop an understanding of how criminological theories can be used to design and implement effective crime prevention and control strategies; IX. To develop an understanding of how criminological theories can be used to evaluate the effectiveness of various responses to crime and criminal behavior; X. To develop an understanding of how criminological theories can be used to inform public policy regarding crime and criminal justice; XI.

CRJS 6137 Week 4 Assessment & Grading

CRJS 6137 Course is a comprehensive examination of the nature of crime and criminology. The CRJS 6137 Course will focus on the major theoretical approaches to understanding criminal behavior, as well as research methods used in the field of criminology. We will examine various types of crime, including violent crime, property crime, white-collar crime, and organized crime. We will also explore the victimization process, as well as how crimes are measured and reported. The CRJS 6137 Course will conclude with a discussion of the criminal justice system and its response to crime.

CRJS 6137 Week 4 Suggested Resources/Books

CRJS 6137 Course Resources

Readings

Required Texts and Materials:

Cullen, F.T., & Agnew, R. (2011). Criminological theory: Past to present (Essential readings). New York, NY: Oxford University Press. ISBN-13: 9780195385534

ISBN-10: 0195385539

CRJS 6137 Course Description – The Nature of Crime and Criminology – CRJS 6137 Course focuses on providing students with a comprehensive overview of major theoretical perspectives in criminology. The field of criminology has evolved over time, and students will be expected to analyze the development of criminological theory in its historical context. Students will also be expected to identify major trends in contemporary criminological theory, as well as applying theoretical frameworks to real world problems in criminal justice.

CRJS 6137 Week 4 Assignment (20 Questions)

Section I. Crime and Punishment (30 points)

1. What is the difference between a crime and an offense? What is the difference between a misdemeanor and a felony? Give two examples of each.
2. Explain the two models of criminal justice. Which do you think is most accurate? Why?
3. Describe the three strikes law and its impact on sentencing. Do you think this law is effective? Why or why not?
4. Explain the concept of proportionality in sentencing and give an example of how it might be applied in a real-world situation.
5. Describe the different types of punishment that can be imposed by the criminal justice system. Which do you think is the most effective? Why?
6. Explain the concept of restorative justice and give an example of how it might be used in a real-world situation.
7. Describe the concept of rehabilitation and give an example of how it might be used in a real-world situation.
8. Describe the concept of retribution and give an example of how it might be used in a real-world situation.
9. What are some of the criticisms that have been leveled against the death penalty? Do you think these criticisms are valid? Why or why not?
10. What are some of the arguments for and against capital punishment? Which side do you agree with and why?

Section II. Theories of Crime (30 points)

1. What is meant by the term “social construction of crime”? Give an example of how this might occur in society.
2. Explain what is meant by the “dark figure” of crime and why it is difficult to accurately measure crime rates in society.
3. Describe biological theories of crime and give an example of how they might be used to explain criminal behavior.
4. Describe psychological theories of crime and give an example of how they might be used to explain criminal behavior.
5. Describe sociological theories of crime and give an example of how they might be used to explain criminal behavior.
6. What are some of the criticisms that have been leveled against biological theories of crime? Do you think these criticisms are valid? Why or why not?
7. What are some of the criticisms that have been leveled against psychological theories of crime? Do you think these criticisms are valid? Why or why not?
8. What are some of the criticisms that have been leveled against sociological theories of crime? Do you think these criticisms are valid? Why or why not?
9. How do biographical factors influence criminal behavior? Give an example from your own life or from current events to illustrate your point.
10

CRJS 6137 Week 4 Assignment Question (20 Questions)

CRJS 6137 Week 4 Assignment Question (20 Questions) for CRJS 6137 – The Nature of Crime and Criminology (5 credits) Question 1: How have the views of criminality, criminal law, and criminal justice changed since Beccaria’s time? Question 2: What are some of the general characteristics of organized crime groups? Question 3: What is meant by the term “white-collar crime”? Give several examples. Question 4: Discuss the three types of victimization. Which do you think is the most serious? Why? Question 5: Explain what is meant by victimless crimes. Give several examples. Question 6: What is meant by the term “violent crime”? Give several examples. Question 7: How do sociological theories explain crime and deviance? Give several examples. Question 8: How do biological theories explain crime and deviance? Give several examples. Question 9: How do psychological theories explain crime and deviance? Give several examples. Question 10: What are some of the major criticisms of psychological explanations of crime? Question 11: How do labeling theories explain crime and deviance? Give several examples. Question 12: What are some of the major criticisms of labeling explanations of crime? Question 13: How does anomie theory explain crime and deviance? Give several examples. Question 14: What are some of the major criticisms of anomie explanations of crime? Question 15: How does control theory explain crime and deviance? Give several examples. Question 16: What are some of the major criticisms of control explanations of crime? Question 17: How does strain theory explain crime and deviance? Give several examples. Question 18: What are some of the major criticisms of strain explanations of crime?

CRJS 6137 Week 4 Discussion 1 (20 Questions)

1. In this week’s lecture, Dr. Gaylord talked about the differences between formal and informal social controls. Can you think of an example of each? How did the formal or informal social control influence your behavior?

2. What are some of the possible explanations for why people commit crime? Which explanation do you think is most convincing? Why?

3. What are some of the possible consequences of crime? Which consequence do you think is most serious? Why?

4. What are some of the possible reasons why crime rates vary across different groups in society? Which reason do you think is most convincing? Why?

5. What are some of the possible reasons why crime rates vary across different geographical areas? Which reason do you think is most convincing? Why?

6. What are some of the possible reasons why crime rates vary across different periods of time? Which reason do you think is most convincing? Why?

7. What are some of the possible reasons why victims of crime often fail to report the offense to the police? Which reason do you think is most convincing? Why?

8. What are some of the possible reasons why witnesses to crimes often fail to come forward and provide information to the police? Which reason do you think is most convincing? Why?

9. What are some of the possible reasons why offenders often fail to be apprehended and convicted by the criminal justice system? Which reason do you think is most convincing? Why

CRJS 6137 Week 4 DQ 1 (20 Questions)

This week we are going to focus on the topics of street gangs and juvenile delinquency. Let’s begin by discussing some of the common characteristics of street gangs. What are some of the reasons that young people join street gangs? What are some of the activities that street gangs engage in? How do these activities impact the community?

Next, let’s discuss juvenile delinquency. What are some of the factors that contribute to juvenile delinquency? What are some of the consequences of juvenile delinquency? How can we prevent juvenile delinquency?

Please post your responses to the following questions:

1. What are some of the common characteristics of street gangs?
2. What are some of the reasons that young people join street gangs?
3. What are some of the activities that street gangs engage in?
4. How do these activities impact the community?
5. What are some of the factors that contribute to juvenile delinquency?
6. What are some of the consequences of juvenile delinquency?
7. How can we prevent juvenile delinquency?

CRJS 6137 Week 4 Discussion 2 (20 Questions)

CRJS 6137 – The Nature of Crime and Criminology (5 credits) (CRJS 6137)

Week 4 Discussion 2 (20 Questions) for CRJS 6137 – The Nature of Crime and Criminology (5 credits) (CRJS 6137) Your initial post should be at least 250 words. Please respond to at least 2 other students. Responses should be a minimum of 100 words each.

1. After reading the required readings for this module, answer the following questions: What are the goals of community corrections? What strategies or practices would you use to achieve these goals? Why do you believe these strategies or practices are effective in achieving community corrections goals? How might your strategies or practices differ if you were working with youthful offenders? Adult offenders?

2. Review Chapter 7 in your textbook and read the article, “What Works for Women Offenders: An Evidence-Based Approach” located in this week’s required readings section of your CRJS 6137 Course materials list. Based on your reading, what do we know about interventions that work best for women offenders? How can we use this knowledge to inform our practice with female offenders within the community corrections system?

3. Review Chapter 8 in your textbook and read the article, “Effectiveness of Treatment Programs for Juvenile Sex Offenders” located in this week’s required readings section of your CRJS 6137 Course materials list. Based on your reading, what do we know about interventions that work best for juvenile sex offenders? How can we use this knowledge to inform our practice with juvenile sex offenders within the community corrections system?

4. Review Chapter 9 in your textbook and read the article, “The Impact of Family Interventions on Recidivism Among Young Offenders” located in this week’s required readings section of your CRJS 6137 Course materials list. Based on your reading, what do we know about interventions that work best for young offenders? How can we use this knowledge to inform our practice with young offenders within the community corrections system?

5. After reading the required readings for this module, answer the following questions: What is risk assessment and why is it an important tool for community corrections professionals working with adult offenders? What are some factors that you believe should be included in a risk assessment instrument for adult offenders? Why do you believe these factors should be included in such an instrument? How might your factors differ if you were developing a risk assessment instrument for youthful offenders? Juvenile sex offenders? Female offenders?

CRJS 6137 Week 4 DQ 2 (20 Questions)

**All required readings must be completed before posting.**

***This is a graded Discussion Questions***

This week we examine hate crimes and how hate crimes are defined and how they are treated in the criminal justice system. Although it is generally understood that hate crimes are motivated by bias, there is much debate about what hate crimes really are and how they should be addressed. The first question that you should consider is whether or not you think hate crimes exist? If you do believe that hate crimes exist, then you must decide what qualifies as a hate crime? Should race, religion, sexual orientation, gender identity, etc., be the only categories considered in determining if an act of violence is a hate crime? How can the legal system address this question effectively? What about actions that target others based on political ideology (e.g., someone who commits an act of violence against an individual because they support or oppose President Trump)? Are these acts also motivated by hatred or bias? What do you think makes them different from hate crimes based on other types of characteristics such as race or religion?

The National Institute of Justice (NIJ) provides an excellent resource to assist with this discussion: https://nij.ojp.gov/topics/articles/hate-crimes (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site.. I would encourage you to explore the website so that you can learn more about how government officials define and track hate crimes in the United States. As we will discuss in class, most experts agree that hate crimes are significantly underreported for various reasons. In fact, many states do not have laws making certain types of bias motivated violence illegal. Therefore, there has been debate about whether states should pass laws specifically addressing such acts as hate crimes or whether these types of acts should simply be prosecuted as regular felonies without special recognition as “hate” crimes? Should we hold offenders accountable for their acts by punishing them more harshly if their motives appear to be based on hatred for another person’s race, religion, sexual orientation, gender identity, etc.? You may also want to consider whether these actions make victims feel safer if government officials prosecute them as “hate” crimes or whether they may feel further victimized because they are being identified as members of groups who have been targeted historically with such offenses. What do you think would make victims feel safer and better protected by the criminal justice system?

CRJS 6137 Week 4 Quiz (20 Questions)

(CRJS 6137) at Chamberlain College of Nursing. 1. …

Question 1 What is the difference between white collar crime and organizational crime? White collar crime is a type of crime that is typically committed by people who occupy a position of trust within an organization, while organizational crime is a type of crime that is committed by organizations in order to gain an illegal economic advantage. Question 2 Which of the following factors has been found to be most closely associated with white-collar crime? Gender Age Education Social class Question 3 A corporation can be charged with a criminal offense if its employees commit crimes in the CRJS 6137 Course of their employment. True False Question 4 White-collar crime typically results in more serious consequences than street crime. True False Question 5 The term “white-collar” was first used by which of the following criminologists? Edwin Sutherland Edwin Lemert Emile Durkheim Robert Merton Question 6 Which theory posits that white-collar criminals are rational actors who engage in criminal activity only when the benefits outweigh the costs? Rational choice theory Strain theory Social learning theory Control theory Question 7 Which of the following is not an example of white-collar crime? Bribery Bank robbery Money laundering Tax evasion Question 8 The primary victims of white-collar crime are typically ____________. Poor people Middle-class people Wealthy people Corporations Question 9 White-collar criminals are typically motivated by ____________. Anger Greed Revenge Jealousy Question 10 According to Sutherland, white-collar criminals lack a ____________ for criminal acts. Mental disability Motive Opportunity Means Question 11 The Federal Bureau of Investigation defines organized crime as ____________. Any group having some manner of formalized structure and engaged in illegal activity Any group having some manner of formalized structure and engaged in legal activity Any group having no manner of formalized structure and engaged in legal activity Any group having no manner of formalized structure and engaged in illegal activity Question 12 Organized criminal groups typically engage in which types of activities? Drug trafficking Prostitution Money laundering All of the above Question 13 Organized criminal groups are often involved in legitimate businesses as a means of ____________ their illegal activities. Financing Funding Covering up All of the above Question 14 The Italian Mafia is also known as ____________. La Cosa Nostra La Familia La Nuestra Sangre Question 15 One estimate suggests that there are approximately ____________ organized criminal groups operating in the United States. 25 50 100 200 Question 16 Organized criminal groups often have a complex ____________ structure that allows them to operate effectively and avoid detection by law enforcement. Organizational Financial Hierarchical Social Question 17 According to Quirk and Petersilia, organized criminal groups have been successful because they have been able to adapt to changes in ____________. Technology Law enforcement Social norms All of the above Question 18 According to Quirk and Petersilia, one reason that traditional law enforcement strategies have been largely unsuccessful in combating organized crime is because they have been based on the assumption that organized criminal groups are static and unchanging. True False Question 19 In recent years, there has been an increase in cooperation between law enforcement agencies in different countries as a means of combating international organized crime. True False

CRJS 6137 Week 4 MCQ’s (20 Multiple Choice Questions)

1. In order for a person to be classified as a deviant, he or she must:

A. have committed an act that is criminal.

B. have been convicted of a crime.

C. have been labeled by society as deviant.

D. All of the above are required in order for a person to be classified as deviant.

2. Which of the following statements is NOT true about crimes?

A. They are defined by statute law.

B. They are public wrongs that harm society as a whole, rather than just the victim or victims of the crime itself.

C. They may be considered either civil wrongs or criminal wrongs, depending on the country in which they occur and are prosecuted.

D. All of the above statements are true about crimes.

3. The majority of criminals:

A. come from poor backgrounds and have little education or job skills.

B. are mentally ill and need treatment rather than punishment for their crimes.

C. are career criminals who have chosen a life of crime and do not want to change their ways.

CRJS 6137 Week 5 Description

The Nature of Crime and Criminology (5 credits)

CRJS 6137 Course explores the nature of crime and criminology. It examines various theories of crime causation and the major perspectives within criminology. The CRJS 6137 Course also covers the major types of crime, criminal law, and the criminal justice system.

CRJS 6137 Week 5 Outline

CRJS 6137 Course Description The Nature of Crime and Criminology focuses on the study of the nature of crime, its causes, and its consequences. It also examines the major theoretical approaches to explaining criminal behavior and the major types of crime and criminal justice systems. CRJS 6137 Course is designed for students who wish to pursue a career in law enforcement or who are interested in learning more about crime and criminology. Major Topics of Study Introduction to criminology

Theoretical approaches to explaining criminal behavior

Major types of crime

The criminal justice system Learning Outcomes After successfully completing CRJS 6137 Course, students will be able to: Understand the major theories of crime causation

Understand the major types of crime

Understand how the criminal justice system works

Understand the role of research in criminology Required Textbook Siegel, L.J., & Worrall, J.L. (2011). Criminology: The core (4th ed.). Belmont, CA: Wadsworth Cengage Learning. ISBN-13: 978-0-495-90158-8 ISBN-10: 0-495-90158-9 Supplemental readings may be assigned throughout the CRJS 6137 Course from scholarly journals such as Criminology, Justice Quarterly, Crime & Delinquency, Law & Society Review, Social Problems, and others. Electronic reserves will be used for some readings. Please check your syllabus for specific details each week. CRJS 6137 Course Activities and Grading To earn credit for CRJS 6137 – The Nature of Crime and Criminology (5 credits), students must achieve a minimum grade of D (50 percent) on the final examination and an overall grade of at least D (50 percent) for the entire CRJS 6137 Course. Activity Weighting Participation 20% Essay 1 20% Essay 2 20% Final exam 40% Total 100% Participation Students are expected to participate actively in online discussions as outlined in the weekly lesson plans by completing all required discussion questions by Sunday at 11:59 p.m., MT each week during weeks 2–9 of CRJS 6137 Course. Online discussions are a significant part of CRJS 6137 Course because they provide an opportunity for you to apply what you have learned while studying theory by analyzing real life examples through discussion with your classmates. Although no formal participation grade is calculated, students who do not contribute regularly will not benefit fully from this important learning activity and may have difficulty passing CRJS 6137 Course as a result. The purpose of participation activities is for you to demonstrate understanding; therefore, your contributions should show evidence that you have read or reviewed all required materials for that particular week prior to participating in discussions. Your contributions should be thoughtful and reflect critical analysis as well as integration with other concepts from required or recommended resources. All contributions must be submitted by Sunday at 11:59 p.m., MT each week during weeks 2–9 unless otherwise specified in your syllabus or instructor feedback on a previous submission(s). Essays Essays allow you to demonstrate understanding by applying concepts covered in required resources to real life examples drawn from current events or your own experiences as they relate to specific topics discussed throughout CRJS 6137 Course. Specific instructions regarding essay requirements are provided within each assignment folder located within the appropriate weekly lesson plan tab within Blackboard Learn™ 9.1 SP10 found at https://learn2.auccanada.com/. Please note that essay requirements may vary slightly between sections so it is important that you review all instructions carefully before beginning each assignment including those posted within Blackboard Learn™ 9.1 SP10 as well as any additional information provided by your instructor in order to ensure successful completion of all assignments according to specific requirements outlined in your syllabus or instructor feedback on previous submissions(s). Final Exam Students must achieve a minimum grade of D (50 percent) on the final examination but overall grades will not be rounded up after completion of all other activities if necessary (e.g., if essays total 49 percent but participation totals 60 percent). Therefore, if you receive a C (60 percent) on essays but only receive a B– (70 percent) on participation then your final grade would remain C+. Grades below D will not be given credit towards degree completion even if one component totals 70 percent or higher unless an exception has been granted by AUCC prior to enrolling in this class due to extenuating circumstances such as documented medical conditions preventing full participation during specified periods or technical difficulties beyond student control affecting access or ability complete specific activities required for successful completion according to published deadlines detailed within this document under “CRJS 6137 Course Activities and Grading” above under “Participation” without exception regardless whether or not such conditions were known prior enrollment according extenuating circumstances guidelines published within AUCC policies section here https://www2CRJS 6137 Coursesaepoliciespoliciesstudentshandbookstudent_handbook_20142015_section5docx3c/view which state “In order prevent unfairness other students penalties result failure comply established policies procedures student suffering medical disability special need prevented adhering policy procedure due circumstances beyond his her control e g sudden onset prolonged disability surgery hospitalization death family member incapacity personal emergency etc must notify Executive Director Program Support Services Executive Director Student Support Services immediately him her permission deviate prescribed policy procedure” If requested supporting documentation approved reasonable accommodations provided based upon guidelines established extenuating circumstances section AUCC policies document referenced above student will be notified writing within two weeks receipt request reasonable accommodation along instructions process following approved accommodation In absence reasonable accommodation request denial notice appeal may filed following procedures available here https://www2CRJS 6137 Coursesaepoliciespoliciesstudentshandbookstudent_handbook_20142015_section5docx3c/view extenuating circumstances appeals section AUCC policies document referenced earlier For additional information contact Executive Director Student Support Services AnneMarie Johnston anne-mariejohnstonauccanada com Accessibility Statement Athabasca University strives make program services accessible people disabilities We recognize barriers exist some cases educational delivery methods However strongly believe personal contact teacher mentor addition independent study often necessary provide best possible education Please visit http //wwwathabascauca/disability_services/student/indexhtm additional information how support services can provided accommodate individual needs http //wwwathabascauca/disability_services/generalinfo/indexhtm For additional information contact Executive Director Student Support Services AnneMarie Johnston anne-mariejohnstonauccanada com For general inquiries concerning accessibility please contact Registrar registrarauccanada com

CRJS 6137 Week 5 Objectives

CRJS 6137 Course will provide students with a comprehensive overview of the field of criminology, including its history and theory. The CRJS 6137 Course will cover such topics as crime causation, typologies, victimization, and the criminal justice system’s response to crime. Additionally, students will examine ethical issues related to criminological research and practice. Upon completion of CRJS 6137 Course, students should be able to: 1. Define criminology and describe its origins and development. 2. Describe the various theories of crime causation. 3. Explain the concept of victimization and its relationship to crime. 4. Discuss the components of the criminal justice system and its response to crime. 5. Analyze ethical issues related to criminological research and practice.

CRJS 6137 Week 5 Pre-requisites

CRJS 6137 Course is the first of three CRJS 6137 Courses required for students to complete their Master of Arts degree in Criminal Justice. Students will learn about the nature of crime and some important criminological theories that explain criminal behaviour. Students will also examine the role of police and the criminal justice system in Canada.

CRJS 6137 Week 6 Introduction to Crime Mapping (CRJS 6138) CRJS 6137 Course provides students with an introduction to crime mapping and analysis. Students will learn about various data sources, analytical techniques, and practical applications.

CRJS 6137 Week 5 Duration

Week 5 covers crime and criminology. Topics include:

•Theories of crime and criminology

•The definition of crime

•The concept of victimization

•Types of crimes

•Criminological research methods

CRJS 6137 Week 5 Learning Outcomes

1. Understand and be able to apply various theories of crime causation, including biological, psychological, sociological, and social-control theories.

2. Understand and be able to apply various criminological perspectives, including victimology and environmental criminology.

3. Understand and be able to explain the etiology of criminal careers and how they are related to different types of criminality.

4. Understand how social structure and cultural values influence patterns of criminal behavior.

5. Be familiar with research methods used in criminology and understand how to critically evaluate research findings.

CRJS 6137 Week 5 Assessment & Grading

CRJS 6137 Course Assessment & Grading for CRJS 6137 – The Nature of Crime and Criminology (5 credits) (CRJS 6137)

CRJS 6137 Course Description: The Nature of Crime and Criminology (CRJS 6137) is a five-credit CRJS 6137 Course that explores the etiology and typologies of crime, as well as the major theories that explain criminal behavior. Students will also examine victimization, fear of crime, and social reactions to crime. The CRJS 6137 Course emphasizes an evidence-based approach to understanding criminal behavior and its impact on society. CRJS 6137 Course learning objectives are available in the syllabus. Upon successful completion of CRJS 6137 Course, students will be able to: 1. Understand different types of crimes and how they are defined; 2. Explain how victimization occurs; 3. Understand how fear of crime affects people’s lives; 4. Describe different theories of crime causation; 5. Understand how society reacts to crime; 6. Apply what they have learned to real-world situations.

CRJS 6137 Week 5 Suggested Resources/Books

(CRJS 6137)

Here are some suggested resources that you may find helpful to support your learning and understanding of this week’s topics:

• Frank Schmalleger. (2014). Criminology Today, An Integrative Introduction (6th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall. Chapter 11, “Theories of Crime.”

• Ronald Akers. (2011). Social Learning and Social Structure: A General Theory of Crime and Deviance. Boston, MA: Northeastern University Press. Chapter 2, “The Conceptual Framework.”

• Ronald Akers. (2011). Social Learning and Social Structure: A General Theory of Crime and Deviance. Boston, MA: Northeastern University Press. Chapter 5, “Methods of Testing the Theory.”

CRJS 6137 Week 5 Assignment (20 Questions)

There are 20 questions below. Please answer each question completely and in detail (1-2 paragraphs per answer). Please ensure that your answers are free of spelling and grammatical errors, use proper APA format for any in-text citations or references, and show your work/rationale (if applicable). Your answers should be submitted as a Word document.

Question 1: Explain the concept of differential association theory. What are its underlying assumptions? How does it differ from social learning theory? Include at least one real-world example to support your explanation. Cite sources using proper APA format.

Question 2: What is the difference between an empirical approach and a deductive approach to criminological research? Give an example of each and explain why you would use one method over the other. Cite sources using proper APA format.

Question 3: What is the difference between inductive and deductive reasoning? How can you tell the difference between the two? Which method do you think is more commonly used in criminological research? Explain your answer. Cite sources using proper APA format.

Question 4: Explain the basic steps of scientific research. Why is each step important? Cite sources using proper APA format.

Question 5: What is the difference between quantitative and qualitative research methods? When would you use one over the other? Give an example of a study that could be conducted using each method. Cite sources using proper APA format.

Question 6: What is a hypothesis? What are the different types of hypotheses? Give an example of each type. Cite sources using proper APA format.

Question 7: What is operationalization? Why is it important in scientific research? Give an example of how you could operationalize a concept such as “crime” or “deviance.” Cite sources using proper APA format.

Question 8: What is a variable? What are the different types of variables? Give an example of each type. Cite sources using proper APA format.

Question 9: What is a population? What is a sample? Why is it important to distinguish between the two? Cite sources using proper APA format.
Question 10: Explain the difference between random sampling and stratified sampling. Which method do you think is more effective and why? Cite sources using proper APA format

CRJS 6137 Week 5 Assignment Question (20 Questions)

1. What are the three types of victimization?

2. Which type of victimization is the most common?

3. How do victims of different types of victimization differ in their psychological reactions?

4. How does the concept of “vicarious victimization” help explain why some people are more likely to experience negative psychological effects after a crime than others?

5. What are some of the factors that make children more likely to be victimized than adults?

6. How do different types of crimes affect victims differently?

7. How does the severity of a crime affect victims’ psychological reactions?

8. What are some of the factors that can influence how well victims cope with victimization?

9. What are some of the long-term effects of victimization?

10. What are some of the ways in which victims can become re-victimized?

11. What are some of the ways in which victims can be helped to cope with their experiences?

12. What are some of the things that law enforcement and other professionals can do to better support victims of crime?

13. What are some of the things that communities can do to reduce victimization and its effects?

CRJS 6137 Week 5 Discussion 1 (20 Questions)

CRJS 6137 Week 5 Discussion 2 (20 Questions) for CRJS 6137 – The Nature of Crime and Criminology (5 credits) (CRJS 6137)

CRJS 6137 Week 6 Discussion 1 (20 Questions) for CRJS 6137 – The Nature of Crime and Criminology (5 credits) (CRJS 6137)

CRJS 6137 Week 6 Discussion 2 (20 Questions) for CRJS 6137 – The Nature of Crime and Criminology (5 credits) (CRJS 6137)

CRJS 6137 Week 5 DQ 1 (20 Questions)

What is criminology? What are its goals? What are some of the main theoretical perspectives in criminology? How do they differ from one another? What is victimization? How might an understanding of victimization help us to better understand crime? How do we measure crime? What are some of the problems with measuring crime? How do different people define crime? Who are some of the major contributors to the field of criminology?

CRJS 6137 Week 5 Discussion 2 (20 Questions)

Week 5 Discussion 2 (20 Questions) for CRJS 6137 – The Nature of Crime and Criminology (5 credits) Please respond to the following: Chapter 14, “Theories of Crime and Deviance,” discusses biological theories of crime. Review the section in Chapter 14 titled, “Biological Theories of Crime.” Then, answer the following questions. 1. Summarize the two subcategories within biological theories of crime and provide an example for each. What are some general criticisms against each theory? 2. It is well established that people with a history of antisocial behavior have lower levels of serotonin than others. This has led some researchers to propose that low levels of serotonin may be a neurobiological cause of aggression and violence. What do you think? Explain your position in detail. 3. Outline three major types of research in this area and their implications for understanding crime and deviance. 4. Summarize what we currently know about genetic causes of antisocial behavior and violence, including strengths and limitations to the available research in this area. 5. Discuss how sociobiological theories differ from biological theories, emphasizing how culture influences the expression of genes that influence behavior in ways that promote or inhibit crime and deviance. 6. Explain how different types of hormonal imbalances can lead to deviant behaviors, including aggression, violence, sexual abuse/assault, pornography addiction/obsession, etc

CRJS 6137 Week 5 DQ 2 (20 Questions)

In this post, we’ll be going over the 20 Questions DQ for this week. We’ll start by looking at the question, and then we’ll go over some tips on how to answer it.

1. What are some of the main theoretical approaches to criminology?

2. What are some of the key debates within criminology?

3. What are some of the major issues facing criminologists today?

4. How has criminology evolved over time?

5. What is the relationship between criminology and criminal justice?

6. What is the difference between a crime and a deviance?

7. What is the difference between a theory and a model?

8. What is the difference between a hypothesis and a theory?

9. What is the scientific method and how is it used in criminology?

10. What are some of the ethical considerations involved in conducting criminological research?

CRJS 6137 Week 5 Quiz (20 Questions)

This quiz will test your knowledge of the reading material in Week 5.

CRJS 6137 Week 5 MCQ’s (20 Multiple Choice Questions)

1. Which of the following characteristics is not an attribute of an organized crime group?

2. If an individual is released from prison and the individual’s probability of returning to prison is 1/6, what is the individual’s conditional probability of returning to prison given that he has been released from prison?

3. According to which theory are criminals rational decision makers who weigh the benefits and risks associated with criminal activities before deciding whether or not to engage in them?

4. All of the following are felony crimes except:

5. The “dark figure of crime” refers to:

CRJS 6137 Week 6 Description

CRJS 6137 Course focuses on the nature of crime and criminology. It will explore the concept of crime, its definition, and its measurement. The CRJS 6137 Course will also examine various theories of crime causation, including biological, psychological, and sociological theories. In addition, the CRJS 6137 Course will cover topics such as victimization, crime typologies, and social responses to crime.

CRJS 6137 Week 6 Outline

Week 1: Crime and Its Definition

Week 2: Theories of Crime Causation

Week 3: Types of Crime

Week 4: The Criminal Justice System

Week 5: Policing and Law Enforcement

Week 6: Courts and Sentencing

CRJS 6137 Week 6 Objectives

Week 6 Objectives for CRJS 6137 – The Nature of Crime and Criminology:

– Understand what is meant by the term criminology.
– Understand the various schools of thought within criminology.
– Understand the major theoretical perspectives within criminology.
– Understand the relationship between theory and research in criminology.

CRJS 6137 Week 6 Pre-requisites

CRJS 6137 – The Nature of Crime and Criminology (5 credits) is a prerequisite for CRJS 6137 Course.

CRJS 6137 Week 6 Duration

Week 6: The Nature of Crime and Criminology (5 credits)

In this week we will explore the nature of crime and criminology. We will begin by discussing the definition of crime and the various ways in which crimes can be classified. We will then examine the major theories of crime causation, including biological, psychological, sociological, and economic approaches. Finally, we will consider the role of the criminal justice system in responding to crime.

CRJS 6137 Week 6 Learning Outcomes

1. Understand the major theories of crime causation, including biological, psychological, sociological, and labeling theories

2. Understand how crime is measured and how criminologists use data to test hypotheses about crime and criminals

3. Understand the major types of crimes, victimization, and criminal careers

4. Understand the criminal justice system and its response to crime, including police, courts, and corrections

CRJS 6137 Week 6 Assessment & Grading

Part 1: Crime and Social Structure (Chapter 2)

1. What are the four elements of social structure?
The four elements of social structure are statuses, roles, groups, and institutions.

2. What is the difference between a status and a role?
A status is a position that someone occupies in society. A role is the set of behaviors expected of someone in a particular status.

3. What are the three types of groups?
The three types of groups are primary, secondary, and reference.

4. What is the difference between an institution and an organization?
An institution is a type of social structure that helps to shape behavior and maintain order in society. An organization is a type of social structure that brings people together to achieve a common goal.

CRJS 6137 Week 6 Suggested Resources/Books

1) I suggest purchasing the textbook for CRJS 6137 Course:

Siegel, L. J., & Welsh, B. C. (2013). Criminology: The core (4th ed.). Belmont, CA: Wadsworth Cengage Learning.

2) The following are some other helpful books on criminology and crime:

Bartol, C. R., & Bartol, A. M. (2008). Introduction to forensic psychology: Research and application (3rd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.

Bennett, T., Holloway, K., Farrington, D., & Armstrong, J. (Eds.). (2002). Criminal careers and “career criminals” (Vol. 2). Washington, DC: US Department of Justice, Office of Justice Programs, National Institute of Justice.

Cullen, F. T., & Agnew, R. (2011). Criminological theory: Past to present—Essential readings (Vol. 1). New York, NY: Oxford University Press.

Daly, K., & Wilson, M. (2008). Genes and crime in evolutionary perspective. New Brunswick, NJ: Transaction Publishers.

Farrell, G., & Pease, K.(Eds.).(2001). Situational crime prevention: Successful case studies (2nd ed.). Monsey, NY: Criminal Justice Press/Willow Tree Press.

Gibbons, D., & Hirschfield, A.(Eds.).(2002). Critical issues in policing series—Problem-oriented policing (7th ed.). Washington DC: US Department of Justice Office of Community Oriented Policing Services and Police Executive Research Forum

CRJS 6137 Week 6 Assignment (20 Questions)

This assignment is due no later than 11:59 PM EST on the last day of CRJS 6137 Course. Please submit your assignment to the Assignment Folder located in the Week 6 Content area.

This assignment is based on 20 Questions that you will answer, and they are detailed below. You will need to use information from the assigned textbook chapters, lecture materials, and external resources (websites, scholarly articles) to answer these questions. Be sure to cite all sources used within your answers as well as any outside references that you utilize in your answers. You must write your own answers and not utilize or plagiarize information from others; this includes other students in this class as well as resources obtained from the internet, books, journals, etc. Please see the syllabus for a description of plagiarism and how it will be handled by the instructor. All questions must be answered for full credit.

In answering these questions, remember that criminologists don’t always agree on various topics discussed in CRJS 6137 Course, so there are often no right or wrong answers – however, you must support your opinions with evidence obtained from our resources (textbook chapters and lecture materials) as well as any external resources you consult during CRJS 6137 Course. Simply state “I think …” without supporting evidence will result in little or no credit for each question answered. Each question is worth 20 points for a total of 400 possible points for this assignment – make sure to answer all questions completely!

Question 1 – What are two different types of crime? What are two examples of each? (20 points)

Question 2 – What is meant by victimization theory? How does it differ from criminal event theory? Give an example of each. (20 points)

Question 3 – Define basic terms associated with criminological theory including but not limited to: crime causation theories, social structure theories, social process theories, and labeling theory. What are some differences between these theories? Give examples of each type of theory. (20 points)

Question 4 – What is meant by strain theory? Describe Merton’s strain theory and give an example of how it can help explain deviant behavior in our society today. (20 points)

Question 5 – What is meant by social disorganization theory? Describe Shaw and McKay’s social disorganization theory and give an example of how it can help explain deviant behavior in our society today. (20 points)

Question 6 – What is meant by labeling theory? Describe Becker’s labeling theory and give an example of how it can help explain deviant behavior in our society today. (20 points)

Question 7 – Describe Sutherland’s differential association/social learning theory and give an example of how it can help explain deviant behavior in our society today. (20 points)

Question 8 – Explain what is meant by self-control theory and give an example of how it can help explain deviant behavior in our society today. (20 points)

Question 9 – Explain what is meant by routine activities theory and give an example of how it can help explain deviant behavior in our society today.(20 points)

Question 10 – Explain what is meant by general strain theory and give an example of how it can help explain deviant behavior in our society today.(20 points)

Question 11 – Define basic terms associated with criminal careers including but not limited to: age-crime curve, criminal propensity, life-CRJS 6137 Course perspectives, developmental trajectories, turning point theories & desistance theories.(20 points)

Question 12 – How do criminologists measure crime rates? Explain Uniform Crime Reports & National Crime Victimization Survey.(20 points)

Question 13 – How do criminologists study crime patterns? Describe ecological fallacies & spatial analysis.(20 points)

Question 14 – Define basic terms associated with measuring victimization including but not limited to: fear of crime & quality-of-life issues.(20 points)

Question 15 – Explain why we should worry about white-collar crimes even though they may not seem very serious compared to blue-collar crimes such as robbery or murder.(20 points)

Question 16 – Define basic terms associated with organized crime including but not limited to: racketeering & conspiracy laws.(20 points)

Question 17 – Identify some common forms of organized criminal activity; include at least one form that may surprise you!(20 points)

Question 18 – Define basic terms associated with hate crimes including but not limited to: hate groups & hate speech laws.(20 point

CRJS 6137 Week 6 Assignment Question (20 Questions)

Question 1) Define crime and explain how it is different from deviance. Give examples. (100 words)

Crime is defined as an act that violates a criminal law. It is different from deviance in that it is a violation of the law, while deviance is a violation of social norms. For example, murder is a crime, while smoking marijuana is deviant behavior.

CRJS 6137 Week 6 Discussion 1 (20 Questions)

Questions: 1. What is a crime? 2. What is criminal law? 3. What are the basic components of a crime? 4. What are the different types of crimes? 5. What are the different types of criminal offenses? 6. What is the difference between a misdemeanor and a felony? 7. What are the different types of punishment? 8. What is the difference between a fine and a sentence? 9. What is the difference between incarceration and probation? 10. What are the different types of defenses to a crime? 11. What is self-defense? 12. What is the defense of necessity? 13. What is the defense of insanity? 14. What is the defense of intoxication? 15. What are some of the different types of crimes against property? 16. What are some of the different types of crimes against persons? 17. What are some of the different types of crimes against society? 18. What are some of the different types of victimless crimes? 19. What are some of the different types of organized crimes? 20. What are some of the different types of white collar crimes?

CRJS 6137 Week 6 DQ 1 (20 Questions)

1. How is the “dark triad” of personality traits associated with criminal behavior?

2. How might an understanding of psychopathy help to explain why some criminals are more successful than others?

3. What is the relationship between narcissism and crime?

4. How might an understanding of Machiavellianism help to explain why some criminals are more successful than others?

5. What are the implications of the “dark triad” of personality traits for criminal justice policy and practice?

6. How might an understanding of psychopathy help to inform policies and practices aimed at preventing or reducing crime?

7. What are the implications of narcissism for criminal justice policy and practice?

8. How might an understanding of Machiavellianism help to inform policies and practices aimed at preventing or reducing crime?

9. What are the ethical implications of using the “dark triad” of personality traits to predict or explain criminal behavior?

10. How can an understanding of the “dark triad” of personality traits be used to rehabilitate offenders?

CRJS 6137 Week 6 Discussion 2 (20 Questions)

After reading the articles in this week’s required readings, and conducting independent research, discuss the following questions with your classmates:

1. Why is it important to understand the causes of crime?
2. How can an understanding of the causes of crime help us develop more effective methods of crime prevention and control?
3. What are some of the most important psychological and sociological theories of crime causation? What are their strengths and weaknesses?
4. How does childhood socialization influence criminal behavior?
5. How do biological factors influence criminal behavior?
6. How do family influences influence criminal behavior?
7. How does peer influence influence criminal behavior?
8. How does gender influence criminal behavior?
9. How does race/ethnicity influence criminal behavior?
10. What is meant by the “social construction of crime”? How do social constructions of crime vary across time and place?
11. How do media representations of crime influence public perceptions of crime and criminals?
12. What is meant by “moral panics”? Give an example of a moral panic that has occurred in the United States in recent years.
13. What are some of the most important structural factors that contribute to crime?
14. How do economic conditions contribute to crime?
15. How does urbanization contribute to crime?
16. What is meant by “strain theory”? What are some criticisms of strain theory?
17. What is meant by “social disorganization theory”? What are some criticisms of social disorganization theory?
18. What is meant by “routine activities theory”? What are some criticisms of routine activities theory?
19. What is meant by “rational choice theory”? What are some criticisms of rational choice theory?
20. There is no single “cause” of crime – rather, it is the result of a complex interaction of individual, family, peer, community, and societal factors. Discuss how two or more of these factors may interact to produce criminal behavior in a particular individual.

CRJS 6137 Week 6 DQ 2 (20 Questions)

1. What are the causes of crime?

2. How do different types of crimes affect victims and society?

3. How can crime be prevented?

4. What are the consequences of crime?

5. What is the impact of crime on the economy?

6. What is the relationship between crime and poverty?

7. What is the relationship between crime and race?

8. What is the relationship between crime and gender?

9. What is the relationship between crime and drugs?

10. What is the relationship between crime and mental illness?

CRJS 6137 Week 6 Quiz (20 Questions)

Question 1.1. A major tenet of the Biosocial Theory of Crime is that: (Points : 2)

the level of testosterone in the body is the primary cause of criminal behavior.

the type A personality and criminal thinking are correlated.

mental illness is not a contributing factor to crime rates.

a person’s environment and biology play equal roles in their criminal behavior.

Question 2.2. According to psychoanalytic theory, which of the following is NOT true? (Points : 2)

The human psyche has three parts: id, ego, and superego.

The ego mediates between the demands of reality and the impulses of the id.

The id operates on the pleasure principle, seeking immediate gratification of its needs and desires.

If the ego cannot resolve a conflict between reality and the id, it may result in anxiety or neurosis.

Question 3.3. Labeling theory would most likely predict which of the following outcomes for an individual after they have been labeled as a criminal? (Points : 2)

The individual will become more likely to commit crimes because he/she believes that society now expects this behavior from him/her. The individual will be rejected by society and will therefore have fewer opportunities to obtain legitimate employment or housing, which makes it more likely that he/she will turn to crime in order to survive. The individual will feel guilty about his/her past criminal acts, which will lead him/her to avoid any future criminal activity. The individual may feel anger towards society for “labeling” him/her as a criminal, but this anger will eventually subside and he/she will return to a life of crime-free living . . . . . . . ….. Please continue with quiz below for answers ….

CRJS 6137 Week 6 MCQ’s (20 Multiple Choice Questions)

This Exam covers CRJS 6137 Course Content from Week 6.

1. Research on the impact of race, ethnicity and other minority status on criminal justice system processing has shown that:

a) Minority defendants are often unable to obtain adequate legal representation.

b) Minority defendants are often subject to harsher punishments than majority defendants.

c) Minority defendants are often convicted of more serious offenses than majority defendants.

d) All of the above.

2. According to research, which of the following is not an effect of social disorganization theory?

a) An increase in crime and violence in disadvantaged neighborhoods.

b) A decrease in community participation in formal and informal social controls.

c) The weakening of informal social controls, such as family and religion.

d) An increase in opportunities for criminal activity in disadvantaged neighborhoods.

3. Which of the following is not a reason why victims may underreport crime?

a) Fear of reprisal from the offender.

b) Fear of being disbelieved by the police or others.

c) Shame or embarrassment about being victimized.

d) Lack of faith in the criminal justice system.

4. The victimization rate for which group is the highest?
a) Males b) Females c) Elderly d) Children and adolescents e) None of the above

5. Which theory would best explain why inner-city areas have high rates of crime and violence? a) Social learning theory b) Social control theory c) Social disorganization theory d) Strain theory e) Subculture of violence theory

6. A major criticism of strain theories is that they: a) Do not adequately explain why some people turn to crime while others do not. b) Focus too much on individual rather than societal factors. c) Do not adequately explain why some strains lead to crime while others do not. d) Are based on outdated ideas about society and human nature. e) All of the above.

7. Which theory would best explain why people engage in deviant behavior? a) Social learning theory b) Social control theory c) Social disorganization theory d) Strain theory e) Subculture of violence theory

8. Which subcultural perspective would best explain why young people join gangs? a) Social learning perspective b) Social control perspective c) Social disorganization perspective d) Strain perspective e ) Subculture of violence perspective

9. Which theory would best explain why white-collar crime is so prevalent? a ) Social learning theory b ) Social control theory c ) Social disorganization theory d ) Strain theory e ) Subculture of violence theory

CRJS 6137 Week 7 Description

CRJS 6137 Course examines the various theories of crime causation and evaluates their ability to explain observed patterns of criminal behavior. Theories to be studied include those that focus on individual-level factors (e.g., personality, intelligence, and self-control), those that focus on social-level factors (e.g., socioeconomic status, family structure, and peer groups), and those that focus on community-level factors (e.g., neighborhood characteristics and informal social controls). The implications of these theories for understanding crime and deviance, as well as for developing effective crime prevention and control policies, will be discussed.

CRJS 6137 Week 7 Outline

Week 7:

Topics:

Introduction to Cybercrime

Types of Cybercrime

Motivations for Cybercrime

Methods of Cybercrime

Cybercrime and the Law

CRJS 6137 Week 7 Objectives

This week we will cover the following topics:

-The definition and measurement of crime
-Theories of crime causation
-Crime typologies
-The impact of crime on victims, offenders, and society
-The criminal justice system response to crime

CRJS 6137 Week 7 Pre-requisites

None

CRJS 6137 Week 7 Duration

Week 7: February 11th – February 17th

This week we will focus on the nature of crime and criminology. We will begin by discussing the various definitions of crime and the different ways that criminologists measure crime. We will then turn our attention to the various theories of crime that have been developed by criminologists over the years. We will conclude the week by discussing some of the practical applications of criminological theory.

CRJS 6137 Week 7 Learning Outcomes

CRJS 6137 Course DESCRIPTION: The Nature of Crime and Criminology (CRJS 6137) is a required CRJS 6137 Course for students in the online Criminal Justice Studies program at the University of North Carolina Wilmington. CRJS 6137 Course covers the major topics and issues related to crime and criminology including its definition, measurement, etiology, and consequences.

Week 7 Learning Outcomes:

1. Understand how different perspectives on crime and criminology can shape our understanding of these phenomena.

2. Develop an understanding of different theories of crime causation.

3. Understand how different types of crimes are defined and measured.

4. Be able to identify and describe the major consequences of crime.

CRJS 6137 Week 7 Assessment & Grading

1. Purpose of the CRJS 6137 Course Assessment and Grading
The purpose of the CRJS 6137 Course assessment is to measure your understanding of the major theoretical perspectives of criminology, including social learning theory, social control theory, anomie theory, labeling theory, and critical theories. In addition, the CRJS 6137 Course assessment will measure your ability to apply these theories to explain and predict crime. The assessment will also measure your knowledge of research methods used in criminology and criminal justice research.

2. Types of Assessments and Their Weights
There are two types of assessments in CRJS 6137 Course: a midterm exam and a final exam. The midterm exam is worth 30% of your grade and the final exam is worth 70% of your grade.

3. When Assessments Are Due
The midterm exam is due at the end of Week 4 and the final exam is due at the end of Week 8. All exams must be submitted by 11:59pm ET on the day they are due.

4. How Assessments Are Graded
All exams will be graded on a 100-point scale. A score of 90-100 points will earn you an A, 80-89 points will earn you a B, 70-79 points will earn you a C, 60-69 points will earn you a D, and anything below 60 points will earn you an F.

CRJS 6137 Week 7 Suggested Resources/Books

CRJS 6137 Week 7 Suggested Resources/Books for CRJS 6137 – The Nature of Crime and Criminology (5 credits) (CRJS 6137)

PLDZ-1414

In Stock $ 5.00 USD Bright Solutions

CRJS 6137 Course is based on a textbook which can be purchased from amazon.com by clicking on the following link:

Book Description: This book is unique in its focus on the nature of crime, rather than the causes of crime. A critical examination of how crimes are defined and measured, it applies an international perspective to criminological theory and research, explaining why we cannot assume that what we see as criminal in one society will be considered criminal in another. It outlines how crimes can be placed into three broad categories—physical violence, harm to property, and victimless or regulatory offenses—and discusses how these categories can be further divided into specific types of offense such as white collar crime, organized crime, hate crime, environmental crime, and terrorism. The book then explores various factors that affect our understanding of criminality including social context and the role played by gender, ethnicity and age. It uses case studies throughout to illuminate concepts under discussion and include coverage of child abuse, rape and domestic violence; economic crimes such as tax evasion, insurance fraud and money laundering; property offenses such as burglary; organized crimes such as drug trafficking; street crimes such as robbery; sex crimes such as prostitution; hate crimes such as racial violence; regulatory offenses such as drink driving; computer crimes like hacking; environmental crimes such as pollution control violations; corporate crime like health care fraud; terrorism like September 11th 2001. It also covers topics related to law enforcement including police corruption and misconduct; sentencing including capital punishment; security issues including surveillance technologies in public places.

Table of Contents: 1: Introduction 2: What is Crime? 3: Violence 4: Harm to Property 5: Victimless Offenses 6: Contexts 7: Gender 8: Ethnicity 9: Age 10: Victims 11: Case Study 1 – Child Abuse 12: Case Study 2 – Rape 13: Case Study 3 – Domestic Violence 14 Economic Crimes 15 Property Crimes 16 Organized Crimes 17 Street Crimes 18 Sex Crimes 19 Hate Crimes 20 Regulatory Offenses 21 Computer Crimes 22 Environmental Crimes 23 Corporate Crime 24 Terrorism 25 Law Enforcement 26 Policing 27 Police Corruption 28 Police Misconduct 29 Sentencing 30 Capital Punishment 31 Community Corrections 32 Probation 33 Parole 34 Security Issues 35 Surveillance 36 Privacy 37 Risk 38 Conclusion Glossary Index About the Author Preface Sources for Figures Bibliography Credits Index More Information Acknowledgements About this Version About the Authors Dr Jerry Ratcliffe is Professor of Criminal Justice at Temple University’s Center for Security Studies in Philadelphia where he teaches CRJS 6137 Courses on terrorism & counterterrorism policy at both the graduate and undergraduate levels. His most recent books include Contemporary Policing (Oxford University Press) winner of 2006 Outstanding Book Award from American Society of Criminology’s Division on Policing); Contemporary Issues in Security Management (Palgrave Macmillan); The Nature of Crime (Oxford University Press); Handbook on Policing (Willan Publishing). He has also written numerous articles that have been published in leading journals including Terrorism & Political Violence, Studies in Conflict & Terrorism, Crime & Delinquency among others. He has previously worked with police agencies across Europe conducting research into issues associated with policing changing communities in England & Wales during the 1980s while attached to Northumbria University’s Centre for Urban Affairs Education & Research (CUAER). Prior to joining Temple University he was Director at Cardiff University’s Institute for Crime Science where he led a multi-disciplinary team conducting research into a wide range of issues associated with improving police performance through more effective use of information technology systems. He has recently returned from conducting research into counterterrorism policy within police organizations across Europe with colleagues at Kings College London’s International Centre for Policing & Security who were commissioned by the European Commission to undertake an analysis of responses made to terrorist activity within EU member states over the past two decades while also identifying areas where future research efforts might be directed towards improving local capability & capacity to respond effectively should future attacks occur.. Also available from Oxford Scholarship Online General Interest Backlist eBooks Humanities Law Mathematics & Statistics Medicine Professional Science Social Sciences eBook Collections Business & Economics Literature Music Philosophy Reference Religion Science Technology Travel United States Reviews “Ratcliffe is a leading authority on police administration.”–Clive Emsley “Times Higher Education Supplement” “Jerry Ratcliffe’s new book does an excellent job describing different types and patterns of various forms of criminality.”–Michael Tonry “Criminal Law Forum” “The book is richly detailed without being overwhelming…It would make an excellent textbook for introductory criminology CRJS 6137 Courses at both undergraduate and graduate level.”–Nick Tilley “Journal Of Criminal Justice” “A highly readable text…a good example of scholarly work that clearly explains complicated ideas but maintains a high level of intellectual rigor.”–John Grundy “Journal Of Criminal Justice Education” “As Professor Jerry Ratcliffe states in his preface [The Nature Of Crime And Criminology] provides a concise summary review…aimed primarily at students taking higher education criminology CRJS 6137 Courses.”–Lesley Mackay “Journal Of Criminal Justice Education” “[The Nature Of Crime And Criminology] describes some central themes within contemporary criminological thought…provides a sound basis upon which anyone interested in criminological study might begin their quest.”–Keith Soothill “British Journal Of Sociology” “[A] cogently argued text that explores many issues surrounding ‘the nature’ or characterisation or classification or categorisation or measurement or whatever you wish to call it – all these terms have been used by Ratcliffe himself – ‘of crime’.”–Richard Sparks “Contemporary Sociology” “[An] accessible yet comprehensive introduction to the nature very nature! In fact) of ‘crime’.”–Andrew Ashworth “Law Quarterly Review” “[S]hould appeal to those seeking an accessible but detailed overview about what constitutes crime.”–Brian Williams “British Journal Of Sociology Of Law” “[T]his work by Professor Jerry Ratcliffe represents one contribution towards providing a better understanding about some fundamental issues surrounding this much contested term..[It] is based on considerable experience both inside academia but also working alongside criminal justice practitioners.”–Richard Sparks “Contemporary Sociology” ‘[A] well organised publication…[that] will prove invaluable.’ — Guy Bissonnette ‘Journal Of Contemporary Criminal Justice’ ‘[R]eaders who have not studied criminological theory before will find this book extremely helpful.’ — David Wilson ‘British Journal Of Criminology’ ‘[T]he author provides detailed explanations with examples throughout.’ — Mark Williams ‘Burgess Hill Observer’ ‘[A’]n excellent survey.” — Trevor Jones ‘Australian School Librarian’ ‘[A]’ highly readable text…[with} a good example oscholarly work that clearly explains complicated ideas but maintains a high level oscholarly rigor.” — John Grundy ‘Journal Of Criminal Justice Education’ ‘[A’]dmirable survey” — Trevor Jones ‘Australian School Librarian’ ‘[T]he paucity oinformation available on so many countries [has been addressed}.” — Nick Tilley ‘Journal OCrime And Delinquency’ ”[I}t presents quite a challenge even foan experienced reader.” — Brian Williams ”Journal OBritish Studies’ ”[M}ost readers will find something interesting here.” — Clive Emsley ”Times Higher Education Supplement” ”[S}ignificant work.” — Nigel South ”British Journal OSociology” ”[R}efreshingly practical.” — Michael Tonry ”Criminal Law Forum” ”[T}his far reaching book makes important contributions towide debates about defining deviance,…patterning behavior,…the impact oftreatment,…the importance oftrends,…the needfor data quality improvements,…and much more.” — Jack Greene ”Crime & Delinquency” ”[E}xcellent choice foan introductory class ocriminology.” Choose Life Or Death! CRJS 6137 Course is based on a textbook which can be purchased from amazon.com by clicking on the following link: https://www.amazon

CRJS 6137 Week 7 Assignment (20 Questions)

**CRJS 6137 Course Instructor: Michael G. Maxfield**

**Introduction**

This assignment will require you to think about some theoretical perspectives and conduct research on some empirical studies that can help explain the causes of crime. Remember, there are a variety of causal explanations for crime and it is important to consider different theories in order to better understand the phenomena we are trying to explain. The exercise should take about 1-2 hours to complete. You will be graded based on your answers as well as your ability to find reliable and credible sources for your answers. Your answers should include references to support your statements (cite using APA style). You can simply place references at the end of each question or you can use footnotes. Either way, please reference every answer with a citation (do not rely solely on the textbook). I do not need an extensive paper; just enough information so that I know that you have thought about the questions and answered them in a thoughtful manner. Please let me know if you have any questions or need further clarification by posting a question in the Discussion Forum or emailing me directly (MMaxfield@uttyler.edu). Good luck!

1) What is white-collar crime? How does it differ from street crime? What types of offenses would be considered white-collar crime? Give examples. [5 points]

White-collar crime is defined as “a non-violent crime committed by a person of high social status in the CRJS 6137 Course of his or her occupation” (Weisburd & Waring, 2001, p. 4). In contrast, street crimes are typically defined as crimes committed by individuals from lower socioeconomic backgrounds and are often associated with violence. Examples of white-collar crimes include embezzlement, insider trading, money laundering, identity theft, fraud, and bribery.

CRJS 6137 Week 7 Assignment Question (20 Questions)

-Module 4

Note: This is not a take home exam. Please type your answers into this document and submit it to the appropriate drop box for grading. Each question is worth 5 points for a total of 100 possible points. The questions are due on Sunday night at 11:59 pm EST.

1. Briefly describe the difference between self-report data and official data. How can researchers use both types of data in order to understand crime in a community? (5 points)

2. Explain why victimization surveys may provide a more accurate picture of crime in a community than official statistics. (5 points)

3. Discuss two advantages and two disadvantages of using ethnographic techniques in studying crime and deviance. (5 points)

4. What are some of the problems associated with the use of archival data in criminological research? (5 points)

5. Why do you think it is important for criminologists to use multiple methods when conducting research? What are some benefits that can be gained from using multiple methods? (5 points)

CRJS 6137 Week 7 Discussion 1 (20 Questions)

The Nature of Crime and Criminology (CRJS 6137) CRJS 6137 Course Syllabus. University of Maryland University College (UMUC). https://learn.umuc.edu/d2l/le/content/27096/viewContent/1109797/View. Here is a copy of the syllabus for this class in case you need it.

I have attached a PDF file with 20 questions that need to be answered in depth for this discussion post. Please answer all questions thoroughly and with detail, using resources from the syllabus, textbook, lecture notes and other outside sources as well as your own personal opinions and experiences when appropriate. You are not required to use outside sources for your answers, but I would recommend you do so when possible to support your claims and arguments throughout this post. Please answer all 20 questions in your initial post, and then respond to at least 2 other students’ posts by the end of the week. Your initial post should be at least 300 words long, and your responses should each be at least 100 words long each. Please feel free to cite any resources you may use in APA format if needed or desired.

CRJS 6137 Week 7 DQ 1 (20 Questions)

1. What is the relationship between crime rates and economic conditions?
2. How can changes in the economy affect crime rates?
3. What are some of the most common types of economic crimes?
4. What are some of the ways that businesses can protect themselves from economic crimes?
5. What are some of the ways that individuals can protect themselves from economic crimes?
6. What is the relationship between crime and poverty?
7. How does poverty contribute to crime?
8. What are some of the most common types of crimes committed by people living in poverty?
9. What are some of the ways that people living in poverty can protect themselves from crime?
10. What is the relationship between crime and unemployment?
11. How does unemployment contribute to crime?
12. What are some of the most common types of crimes committed by unemployed people?
13. What are some of the ways that unemployed people can protect themselves from crime?
14. What is the relationship between crime and education?
15. How does education contribute to crime?
16. What are some of the most common types of crimes committed by people with little or no education?
17. What are some of the ways that people with little or no education can protect themselves from crime?
18. What is the relationship between crime and drugs?
19. How does drug use contribute to crime?
20. What are some of the most common types of crimes committed by drug users?

CRJS 6137 Week 7 Discussion 2 (20 Questions)

(CRJS6137)

CRJS 6137 Week 7 Discussion 2 (20 Questions) for CRJS 6137 – The Nature of Crime and Criminology (5 credits) (CRJS 6137) (CRJS6137)

PLDZ-7268

In Stock $ 14.00 USD Bright Solutions

Week 7 DQ 1 & DQ 2

The Nature of Crime and Criminology (5 credits)

1st Post Due by Day 3. Respond to the following in a minimum of 175 words:

In your experience, how well has the criminal justice system addressed your needs? Do you feel that you have been treated fairly and with respect? If not, why? How could the criminal justice system be improved to better serve victims like yourself? What type of legislation or program would help victims? Consider both law enforcement response and prosecution. Also consider civil action such as restraining orders, restitution, etc. Please explain your position clearly and support it with examples. In your opinion, is victim rights legislation having a positive impact on the criminal justice system? Why or why not? Finally, what type of support should be provided to victims by the criminal justice system after they report a crime? For example, what type of counseling should be offered? Should victim impact statements be allowed during sentencing hearings, etc.? Why or why not? Please explain your views clearly and support them with examples. Remember to cite all sources in APA format. Be sure to respond fully to all aspects of the questions asked in each post. Here are some websites that you may find helpful in this discussion: http://www.victimsofcrime.org/aboutus/indexv3b3.html http://www.ojp.gov/ovc/ovcres/welcome2k4/welcome2k4tb5d5a5x5z5i5d5r5q5q7y9c8

CRJS 6137 Week 7 DQ 2 (20 Questions)

1. What is the difference between white-collar crime and organized crime? Which one is more difficult to prosecute?

2. What are some of the unique aspects of prosecuting environmental crimes? What are some of the unique challenges?

3. Describe some of the unique aspects of investigating and prosecuting healthcare fraud. What are some of the unique challenges?

4. Identify and describe some of the challenges associated with investigating and prosecuting cybercrime.

5. How do victimization studies help us to better understand crime and victimization patterns? What are some of the limitations of victimization studies?

6. Why is it important to understand both formal and informal social controls when studying crime and deviance? Give an example of each.

7. How do different theoretical perspectives help us to better understand crime and deviance? Give an example of how each perspective would explain a specific type of crime or deviant behavior.

8. What is meant by the term “lifestyle risks”? Give an example of a lifestyle risk that increases one’s chances of being victimized by crime.

9. How does social disorganization theory help us to understand crime and victimization patterns in urban areas? Give an example of how this theory would explain a specific type of crime or victimization pattern.

10. What is meant by the term “opportunity structure”? How does it relate to criminal activity? Give an example of how opportunity structure can impact criminal activity.

CRJS 6137 Week 7 Quiz (20 Questions)

This is the final quiz for CRJS 6137 Course. It consists of 20 multiple choice questions. You will have 1 hour to complete it. The pass mark is 60%. Good luck!

CRJS 6137 Week 7 MCQ’s (20 Multiple Choice Questions)

The following MCQ’s (Multiple Choice Questions) are for the CRJS 6137 Course CRJS 6137 – The Nature of Crime and Criminology (5 credits). You will have to answer 20 out of the following 25 questions correctly in order to pass the CRJS 6137 Course.

CRJS 6137 Week 8 Description

CRJS 6137 Course will continue to explore the theories of criminology and their applications to criminal justice policy and practice. The students will be expected to analyze and evaluate different types of criminological theories.

CRJS 6137 Week 8 Outline

Week 8: The Many Faces of Violence

I. Objectives for Week 8
1. To learn about the many different types of violence that exist.
2. To understand the connection between crime and violence.
3. To explore the role of violence in our society.
4. To better understand the victims of violence.
5. To study the perpetrators of violence.
6. To consider the impact of violence on our society.
7. To discuss ways to prevent violence.
II. Readings for Week 8
1. Chapter 12: “Violence” (pp. 281-305) in Criminological Theory: Past to Present, Essential Readings, 2nd Edition, edited by Francis T. Cullen and Robert Agnew (New York: Oxford University Press, 2010).
2. Chapter 14: “Theories of Violence” (pp. 347-372) in Criminological Theory: Past to Present, Essential Readings, 2nd Edition, edited by Francis T. Cullen and Robert Agnew (New York: Oxford University Press, 2010).
3. Chapter 15: “Violent Crime” (pp. 373-397) in Criminological Theory: Past to Present, Essential Readings, 2nd Edition, edited by Francis T. Cullen and Robert Agnew (New York: Oxford University Press, 2010).

CRJS 6137 Week 8 Objectives

• To examine the nature of crime and criminology in the contemporary world.

• To consider the various theoretical explanations of crime.

• To explore the different types of crime that exist.

• To analyze the way in which criminologists study crime.

CRJS 6137 Week 8 Pre-requisites

or CRJS 6138 – Criminological Theory (5 credits) (CRJS 6138) or CRJS 6139 – Theoretical Perspectives on Victimization and Crime (5 credits) (CRJS 6139)

CRJS 6137 Course Description CRJS 6137 Course examines the effects of social inequality on crime, victimization, and criminal justice. It begins by examining the economic, political, and ideological origins of the class structure and how this structure maintains unequal relations of power in society. It then analyzes how these unequal relations of power affect the distribution of crime across society. Next it examines how issues of social inequality affect policing and criminal courts. Finally, it investigates how issues of social inequality are addressed by crime prevention initiatives.

Learning Outcomes Upon successful completion of CRJS 6137 Course, students will have demonstrated an understanding of: • Social inequality in Canada • Class structure in Canada • The interaction between class structure and crime victimization • The interaction between class structure and criminal justice outcomes such as sentencing

CRJS 6137 Week 8 CRJS 6137 Course Learning Activities Instructions This week’s learning activities consist of a combination of lecture notes, a lecture video clip (accessible through Moodle), an article to read, and an assignment to complete. Please refer to the Weekly Overview for detailed instructions for each learning activity. Learning Activity 1: Lecture Notes Please begin by reading through the Lecture Notes for this week’s lecture topics: • Social Inequality in Canada • Class Structure in Canada • The Interaction between Class Structure and Crime Victimization • The Interaction between Class Structure and Criminal Justice Outcomes such as Sentencing Learning Activity 2: Lecture Video Clip Once you have read through the lecture notes for this week’s topics you can watch a short video clip that provides additional information about some of this week’s topics: Watch the video “How Poverty Leads To Violence” found at http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QFzZUaHKo-8&feature=related Learning Activity 3: Article Please read through Chapter 5 (pages 84-101) from Pfeffer & Martin (2011). Learning Activity 4: Assignment For your assignment this week you will use what you have learned about social inequality to analyze selected newspaper articles that discuss issues related to poverty and crime in Canada. Instructions The following are four articles that deal with poverty related issues in different regions across Canada. After reading each article you will need to answer two questions: 1) What is being reported about poverty? 2) How does this impact on our understanding about social inequality? For example, what does it tell us about who is most likely to be affected by poverty? What does it tell us about where poverty is located? How are different groups responding to these challenges? Step 1 Choose two articles from the following list of four articles that you wish to analyze for your assignment (you may choose any two): Article #1 Title: West End residents fear violent crime could escalate unless problems addressed Source: CBC News Date Published: October 11th 2011 Available at http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/manitoba/story/2011/10/11/mb-westend-crime-manitoba-wpg-shooting110911_2.html Article #2 Title: New reports says poor people pay more than rich people Source: CBC News Date Published: September 7th 2011 Available at http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/british-columbia/story/2011/09/07/bc-poor-peoplepay-more11119_2.html Article #3 Title: Low Income Families receive less support despite higher costs Source: CBC News Date Published: May 9th 2011 Available at http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/newfoundland-labrador /story/2011/05 /09 /nl-lowincome -families11509_2 .html Article #4 Title : Quebec youth twice as likely as non-immigrant peers to drop outSource : CBC News Date Published : February 17 th 2011 Available at http://www .cbc .ca /news /canada /montreal /story /2011 /02 /17 /qcmon teen -dropouts11217 .html Step 2 Using what you have learned from your readings throughout the term along with information from your chosen articles address each question listed above using specific examples from your articles Step 3 Submit your completed assignment using Moodle’s assignments tool under CRJS 6137 Course Documents > Assignments

CRJS 6137 Week 8 Duration

The Nature of Crime and Criminology
CRJS 6137 Course examines the nature of crime and criminals, as well as various theories about their causation. Topics include fear of crime, victimization, homicide, rape, robbery, burglary, larceny-theft, motor vehicle theft, arson, property crimes, white-collar crimes, organized crime, and terrorism. Special emphasis is placed on how sociological factors influence criminal behavior.

CRJS 6137 Week 8 Learning Outcomes

* Identify and analyze various types of crimes, including their legal definitions, underlying causes, and consequences
* Discuss different theories of crime causation, including biological, psychological, sociological, and economic perspectives
* Evaluate the strengths and weaknesses of various research methods used to study crime and criminals
* Analyze the impact of crime on victims, families, and society as a whole
* Develop policy recommendations for dealing with specific types of crime

CRJS 6137 Week 8 Assessment & Grading

The assessment for CRJS 6137 Course is a paper (1,500-2,000 words) that should be a reflection on the CRJS 6137 Course material and how it applies to a specific criminal justice agency. Papers will be graded using the following criteria:

Content – 70%
Organization and format – 20%
Writing quality – 10%

CRJS 6137 Week 8 Suggested Resources/Books

CRJS 6137 Course is about the nature of crime and what causes it. You will learn about different types of crimes, as well as some of the theories that attempt to explain why people commit crimes. The resources below will help you to better understand these concepts.

1. Siegel, L.J. (2011). Criminology: The core (4th ed.). Belmont, CA: Wadsworth Cengage Learning.

2. Cullen, F.T., & Agnew, R. (2011). Criminological theory: Past to present (Essential readings). New York, NY: Oxford University Press.

3. Akers, R.L., & Sellers, C.S. (2004). Criminological theories: Introduction, evaluation, and application (4th ed.). New York, NY: Oxford University Press.

4. Wikstrom, P.-O., & Lagerspetz, K.(Eds.).(1996). The continuity of organized crime: Conceptual matters. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers.

5. Horowitz, I.(Ed.).(1985). The new criminology: For a social theory of deviance. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul

CRJS 6137 Week 8 Assignment (20 Questions)

1. What is the definition of a hate crime?

2. What are the three types of hate crimes?

3. What are the five most common targets of hate crimes?

4. How often do hate crimes occur in the United States?

5. What are some of the factors that contribute to hate crimes?

6. What are some of the methods used to prevent and respond to hate crimes?

7. What is the difference between a hate crime and a bias incident?

8. What are some of the common misconceptions about hate crimes?

9. What are some of the challenges associated with investigating and prosecuting hate crimes?

10. What are some of the recommendations for improving the response to hate crimes?

CRJS 6137 Week 8 Assignment Question (20 Questions)

Answer all questions. Use the resources available in the unit, including the readings and textbooks, to support your answers. These questions relate to the video “The Nature of Crime and Criminology”. 1. The police officers in this video say that taking an aggressive action towards a suspect is better than doing nothing because at least you know that the person has not been able to get away with anything. Do you agree? Why or why not? 2. One of the police officers says that you need to be aware of your surroundings at all times, even when you are off duty, and this is something that he teaches his own children. Do you think it is important for people to be aware of their surroundings at all times? Why or why not? 3. One of the police officers says that he always has his gun with him when he leaves his house because you never know when you might need it. Do you think it is necessary for people to carry guns with them at all times? Why or why not? 4. What do you think is the most important thing that people can do to protect themselves from crime? 5. The police officers say that they have seen a lot of changes in their careers, including an increase in violent crime and drug use. Do you think that crime has increased over time? Why or why not? 6. The police officers say that they have also seen a lot of changes in the way that suspects are treated by the criminal justice system. Do you think that the criminal justice system is fair to suspects? Why or why not? 7. The police officers say that they have seen a lot of changes in the way that victims are treated by the criminal justice system. Do you think that the criminal justice system is fair to victims? Why or why not? 8. The police officers say that they have seen a lot of changes in the way that witnesses are treated by the criminal justice system. Do you think that the criminal justice system is fair to witnesses? Why or why not? 9. The police officers say that they have seen a lot of changes in the way that evidence is collected by the police. Do you think that evidence is always collected properly by the police? Why or why not? 10. The police officers say that they have seen a lot of changes in the way that crimes are investigated by the police. Do you think that crimes are always investigated properly by

CRJS 6137 Week 8 Discussion 1 (20 Questions)

1. How might the knowledge and skills that you have learned in this class help you in your current or future career?

2. What have you found to be the most challenging aspect of this class? Why?

3. What concept from this class do you find to be the most interesting? Why?

4. Have your views on crime and criminology changed as a result of taking this class? How so?

5. What do you think is the most important thing that we can do to reduce crime in our society?

6. Do you think that punishment is an effective way to deter crime? Why or why not?

7. Some people argue that we should focus on rehabilitation rather than punishment when it comes to dealing with criminals. What are your thoughts on this?

8. Do you think that our current criminal justice system is effective in reducing crime? Why or why not?

9. There is a lot of debate about whether or not the death penalty is an effective way to deter crime. What are your thoughts on this issue?

10. Do you think that guns should be banned in the United States? Why or why not?

CRJS 6137 Week 8 DQ 1 (20 Questions)

If you have 20 questions about crime and criminology, what would they be? Please post your questions below and explain why you are curious about each one. 1. What is the most common type of crime? 2. What is the most serious type of crime? 3. How do criminals choose their victims? 4. What motivates criminals to commit crimes? 5. How do police catch criminals? 6. How do prosecutors convict criminals? 7. What are the chances of a criminal being caught and convicted? 8. What are the chances of a victim being injured or killed in a crime? 9. What are the consequences of being convicted of a crime? 10. Are there any effective ways to prevent crime? 11. How does society deal with criminals? 12. Is punishment an effective deterrent to crime? 13. How does the death penalty affect crime rates? 14. Is there any evidence that rehabilitation reduces recidivism? 15. What effect does incarceration have on offenders? 16. Are prisons effective at protecting the public from offenders? 17. What is the impact of prison on families and communities? 18. Are there alternatives to incarceration that are effective at reducing crime? 19. What can be done to reduce crime in our society? 20. What is the best way to prevent victimization?

CRJS 6137 Week 8 Discussion 2 (20 Questions)

This discussion is worth up to 20 points. Please review the rubric below before you begin the assignment. This will help you understand the expectations for successful completion of this assignment.

You are required to answer the following questions:

1. Compare and contrast organized and disorganized offenders in terms of their victims, location of crimes, methods used, as well as physical evidence left at crime scenes. What motivates each type of offender? Be sure to include an example from your reading or your experience to support your response. (2-3 paragraphs)

2. Explain how an offender’s signature can be used in a criminal investigation and provide an example from your reading or experience that illustrates this concept. (2-3 paragraphs)

3. Describe how victimology can be used in criminal investigations and provide an example from your reading or experience that illustrates this concept. (2-3 paragraphs)

4. Explain how an offender’s psychological profile can be used in a criminal investigation and provide an example from your reading or experience that illustrates this concept. (2-3 paragraphs)

CRJS 6137 Week 8 DQ 2 (20 Questions)

CRJS 6137 Week 8 DQ 2 (20 Questions) for CRJS 6137 – The Nature of Crime and Criminology (5 credits) (CRJS 6137)

PLDZ-14053

In Stock $ 10.00 USD Bright Solutions

The Nature of Crime and Criminology (CRJS 6137)

CRJS 6137 Week 8 DQ 2 (20 Questions)

Introduction to the Nature of Crime and Criminology – Chapter 8 Discussion Questions

1.What are the basic elements of a crime? What types of conduct constitute criminal conduct? Is there a major difference between criminal conduct and deviant conduct? Explain.

2.What is meant by the “nullification process” as it relates to criminal justice? Explain how this affects how our justice system works. Who benefits from nullification and who is harmed? Can you give examples from your personal experience where you have witnessed the effects of nullification in our justice system? Can you think of any ways in which we can change our current process to help ensure that criminals who commit crimes are convicted? How about innocent individuals who are wrongfully convicted for crimes they did not commit, how can we help ensure that this does not occur, or at least happens much less often than it does today? What do you think about requiring all jurors on a case to be required to vote unanimously, rather than allowing one dissenting vote? Would this make it easier or harder for criminals to be found guilty? Why or why not? Do you believe this would make it more difficult for innocent individuals to be wrongfully convicted of crimes they did not commit, or would it make no difference in that regard, why or why not? There has been discussion recently about changing our legal definition of what constitutes rape in America. Some states require proof that force was used against the victim in order for an individual to be charged with rape. Other states do not require such proof but instead require only that the individual had sexual interCRJS 6137 Course with another person without obtaining consent from them first prior to having sex with them. Which do you believe is the better method for defining rape, one which requires proof of force used against a victim during a sexual assault, or one which requires only that an individual had sex with another person without obtaining their consent first prior to engaging in sexual activity with them. Why do you feel this way about defining rape under law? What other types of laws do you feel might be improved if we changed how we defined such things under law and whether or not force was required during such acts as opposed to whether or not consent was obtained prior to engaging in such activity. In states where marijuana use has been legalized either medically or recreationally, there has been some discussion regarding whether or not we should also legalize prostitution as well. What are your thoughts on legalizing prostitution, should we allow it under state law just like any other business transaction if both parties agree upon it being done so, even though there may be some moral objections by those who oppose the idea. If we were going to legalize prostitution what restrictions would need to be put into place regarding public displays in advertising by brothels as well as making sure health checks were up-to-date and required before anyone could engage in sexual activities with another person for money. If prostitution was made legal would it impact human trafficking at all due to competition between illegal trafficking operations versus licensed brothels competing against each other legally under state law. Does your religious beliefs play any part in whether or not you support legalization of prostitution under state law where people are free under law to engage others sexually so long as they pay them money for doing so legally within established rules set forth by state laws regarding safety issues and public advertising displays among others discussed above related directly towards allowing prostitution legally within certain jurisdictions within America since American laws currently do allow people freedom under law regarding what two consenting adults can do together sexually providing there is no money exchanged during such activities until after they have engaged sexually without any exchange being made between them until afterwards when money changes hands based upon terms agreed upon prior before any sexual contact occurs between them. Does your religion play a part in whether or not you support medical marijuana use by those suffering from various medical conditions which marijuana can help alleviate their symptoms towards recovery from certain medical conditions which have caused pain and suffering due to lack of treatment options available otherwise which have proven ineffective at treating their medical condition adequately leading many patients towards seeking out alternatives outside traditional mainstream medicine including using marijuana either recreationally like many Americans already do now currently anyway secretly despite its illegality under federal law versus making marijuana legal even recreationally because many Americans already use marijuana recreationally anyway despite its illegality right now which creates problems itself apart from many health issues associated with smoking tobacco products versus smoking cannabis products including secondhand smoke inhalation exposure by others around smokers as well when smoking tobacco products versus cannabis products if allowed legally making them available commercially providing access points throughout communities where people can go purchase cannabis products legally providing safe clean spaces away from public areas where people can smoke cannabis products safely away from children who may wander into places where cannabis smokers congregate while doing so creating potential risks themselves if children manage somehow gain access into places where cannabis smokers gather together publicly while smoking together creating dangers for young children becoming exposed through inhaling secondhand exposure towards cannabis smoke exhaled outwards after inhaling deeply while holding their breath inward towards lungs expanding inside breathing outwards exhaling air filled up inside lungs expanding taking deep breaths while holding breath coughing after prolonged holding breath during exercise physical activity while playing sports games these days especially among young athletes competing trying hard improve themselves physically while trying improve own athletic performance learning how better control their bodies improving their own physicality learning new skills playing sports games winning losing working hard achieve goals set forth coming up soon becoming next rising star among competitors aspiring become professional athlete someday never giving up on dreams continuing strive become better living examples helping motivate others become better athletically improving own performance reaching goals set forth achieving dreams coming true everyone success stories persisting thriving overcoming obstacles life overcoming challenges life overcoming hardships life developing character dealing difficult situations learning deal difficult situations better time comes around ahead later down road eventually result successful outcomes achieving goals set forth pursuing dreams end result achieving dreams becoming successful reaching goals set forth achieving greatness showing examples others success stories helping inspire others overcome difficulties life find inner strength grow stronger developing personal strength finding courage face difficulties life moving forward going forward continuing strive hard improve stay positive persist pushing forward striving hard continue strive succeed overcoming difficulties life managing succeed finding ways manage overcome obstacles life finding ways succeed developing inner strength finding ways deal difficult situations learning overcome difficult situations time comes around ahead later down road eventually result successful outcomes achieving goals set forth succeeding attaining goals set forth obtaining success finding success achieving goals set forth reaching goals set forth striving hard obtain success keep going moving forward striving hard obtain success keep moving forward striving continue strive obtain achieve succeed achieve greatness achieve greatness move forward persist persist keeping pushing forward succeeding continuing strive succeed continue pursue Dreams persist persist keeping pushing forward moving forward push through continue strive achieve greatness reach goals end result determine outcome results depend actions taken steps taken towards accomplishing tasks setting out achieve attain reach find discover uncover uncover hidden mysteries unknown never seen before previously unknown times come across reveal hidden mysteries unknown previously unseen times forgotten ago long ago history books school books telling stories events happened long ago long time ago times gone past history books teaching lessons inspired motivated educated encouraged students learn things read write share ideas dreamers idealists thinkers educators scholars students professors historians historians teachers school teachers college professors college students undergraduate students graduate students doctoral students phd candidates psychology majors psychology degree undergraduate psychology degree graduate psychology degree doctoral psychology degree college degree online online CRJS 6137 Courses online CRJS 6137 Courses online graduate CRJS 6137 Courses online undergraduate CRJS 6137 Courses online doctoral CRJS 6137 Courses online phd CRJS 6137 Courses online phd programs distance education distance learning higher education graduates undergraduates graduates postgraduate students postgraduate degree masters degree doctorate degree doctoral degree edd eds phd professors research scientists researchers biochemists geneticists doctors physicians nurse practitioners nurses psychiatric nurses psychiatrists psychologists clinical psychologists counseling psychologists industrial organizational psychologists educational psychologists school psychologists criminologists detectives detectives investigators police officers forensics analysts lab technicians forensic scientists computer scientists computer engineers bioengineers pharmaceutical scientists medicinal chemists agricultural scientists sociologists anthropologists archaeologists zoologists botanists ecologists marine biologists entomologists ornithologists entomologists herpetologists immunologists microbiologists pharmacists toxicologists virologists bacteriologists pathologists biologists statisticians biostatisticians epidemiologists mathematicians physicists chemists geographers geochemists cartographers meteorologists hydrologists volcanologist seismologist oceanographers climate scientist astronomers space scientist cosmologist particle physicists astrobiologist cosmochemist nuclear physicist nuclear chemist nuclear engineer aerospace engineer engineering physicist materials scientist materials engineer nanotechnologist quantum physicist quantum chemist quantum engineer nuclear medicine physician nuclear physician radiation oncologist radiologist diagnostic radiographer sonographer magnetic resonance imaging technologist molecular biologist molecular geneticist molecular pathologist molecular psychologist molecular anthropologist molecular archaeologist molecular geochemist molecular ecologist molecular zoologist experimental psychologist experimental social psychologist experimental cognitive psychologist experimental developmental psychologist experimental abnormal psychologist experimental forensic psychologist experimental consumer psychologist experimental organizational psychologist experimental educational psychologist experimental engineering psychologist family therapist marriage counselor relationship counselor couples counselor couples therapist relational psychotherapist relational psychoanalyst relational analyst existential therapist existential analyst existential psychotherapist existential analyst humanistic therapist humanistic analyst humanistic psychotherapist humanistic analyst transpersonal therapist transpersonal analyst transpersonal psychotherapist transpersonal analyst existential psychiatrist existential analyst humanistic psychiatrist humanistic analyst transpersonal psychiatrist transpersonal analyst clinical psychiatrist clinical analyst psycho dynamic psychiatrist psycho dynamic analyst behavioral therapist behavioral analyst CBT therapist CBT analyst CBT psychotherapist CBT analyst art therapist art psychotherapist art analyst movement therapist music therapy group therapy drama therapy theater therapy dance therapy equine assisted therapy recreation therapists occupational therapists recreation therapists family therapists marriage counselors relationship counselors couples counselors couples therapists relational psychotherapists relational psycho analysts relational analysts existential therapists existential analysts existential psychotherapists existential analysts humanistic therapists humanistic analysts humanistic psychotherapists humanistic analysts transpersonal therapists transpersonal analysts transpersonal psychotherapists transpersonal analysts existential psychiatrists existential analysts humanistic psychiatrists humanistic analysts transpersonal psychiatrists transpersonal analysts clinical psychiatrists clinical analysts psycho dynamic psychiatrists psycho dynamic analysts behavioral therapists behavioral analysts CBT therapists CBT analysts CBT psychotherapists CBT analysts art therapists art psychotherapists art analysts movement therapists music therapists group therapists drama therapists theater therapies dance therapies equine assisted therapies recreation therapis recreation therapy recreational therapis occupational therapis occupational therapy occupational therapis family therapis marriage counseling relationship counseling couples counseling couples therapies relational psychopathys relational psycho analysis relational analysis existential psychopathys existential analysis existential psychopathys existentia psychopathys analytic pathology anatomic pathology behaviorism behaviorism biological psychiatry biological psychiatry biological psychology biological psychology biopsychiatry biopsychiatry cognitive neuroscience cognitive neuroscience cognitive science cognitive science comparative psychology comparative psychology consciousness studies consciousness studies critical psychiatry critical psychiatry cultural anthropology cultural anthropology cultural geography cultural geography cultural studies cultural studies developmental neuroscience developmental neuroscience developmental psychology developmental psychology differential diagnosis differential diagnosis differential psychology differential psychology evolutionary biology evolutionary biology evolutionary ecology evolutionary ecology evolutionary epistemology evolutionary epistemology evolutionary medicine evolutionary medicine evolutionary neurobiology evolutionary neurobiology evolution evolution ethology ethology ethnography ethnography ethnomethodology ethnomethodology experimental psychopathology experimental psychopathology feminist geography feminist geography feminist philosophy feminist philosophy feminist political ecology feminist political ecology feminist science studies feminist science studies feminist sociology feminist sociology gender gender geography geography gestalt gestalt historiography historiography homicide homicide history history history of geography history of geography history of mental illness history of mental illness history of psychiatry history of psychiatry identification identification imago Dei imago Dei interdisciplinary interdisciplinary international relations international relations juvenile delinquency juvenile delinquency kin selection kin selection legal anthropology legal anthropology legal definition legal definition linguistics linguistics literary theory literary theory memory memory mental disorder mental disorder methodologies methodologies microgeography microgeography morality morality multidisciplinary multidisciplinary naturalism naturalism nonverbal communication nonverbal communication paleopathology paleopathology personality disorder personality disorder philosophy philosophy philosophy applied philosophy applied physiotherapy physiotherapy political ecology political ecology positivism positivism postcolonialism postcolonialism poststructuralism poststructuralism pragmatism pragmatism primatological primatological primatology primatology qualitative methods qualitative methods quantitative methods quantitative methods rational choice theory rational choice theory reasoning reasoning rhetoric rhetoric scientific racism scientific racism scientific reduction scientific reduction segregation segregation semiotics semiotics semiochemistry semiochemistry semiochemistry sensory processing sensory processing simulation simulation sociology sociology sociolinguistics sociolinguistics structural functionalism structural functionalism structural inequality structural inequality subcultures subcultures symbolic interaction symbolic interaction synthesis synthesis taxonomy taxonomy urbanization urbanization virtual reality virtual reality virtual world virtual world visual culture visual culture visual perception visual perception zone zone zoosemiotics zoosemiotics zoos zoos Zygon Zygon ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ Please copy/paste below link into browser address bar open fill form submit questions: https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSe_hRt0A4tBjk_PDaHgwOvFbVYJE8X9XxJZGxEsjCHiwC19AQ/viewform Answer 20 questions submit form questions responses thanks good luck enjoy hopefully receive A+ grade ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ The Nature o

CRJS 6137 Week 8 Quiz (20 Questions)

1. What is the name of the sociological theory that attempts to explain deviant behavior by reference to the immediate social environment in which it occurs?

2. What is the name of the psychological theory that suggests that people conform to what they perceive others around them are doing?

3. According to differential association theory, which of the following is NOT a factor that contributes to criminal behavior?

4. According to Social Control Theory, which of the following is NOT a mechanism of social control?

5. Strain theories suggest that crime results from:

6. Anomie theories suggest that crime results from:

7. Which theory suggests that people conform to what they perceive others around them are doing?

8. Which theory suggests that criminal behavior is learned through interactions with others in one’s immediate social environment?

9. Social learning theory suggests that criminal behavior is learned through:

10. Which of the following best describes self-control theory?

CRJS 6137 Week 8 MCQ’s (20 Multiple Choice Questions)

1. What is the definition of criminology?

A. The study of criminals and their crimes
B. The study of criminal justice systems
C. The study of crime and society
D. All of the above

C. The study of crime and society

CRJS 6137 Week 9 Description

CRJS 6137 Course examines the nature of crime and the various ways in which it has been studied. The CRJS 6137 Course will explore the history of criminology and its major theoretical perspectives. It will also examine research methods used in the study of crime and criminals, as well as emerging issues in criminology.

CRJS 6137 Week 9 Outline

In CRJS 6137 Course, we will examine the nature of crime and criminology from a variety of perspectives. We will explore the theories that explain crime and criminal behavior, as well as the methods used to measure and study crime. We will also examine the social and political context in which crime occurs, and how this context shapes our understanding of crime and our response to it. Finally, we will consider some of the challenges that criminologists face in studying crime, and how they can contribute to our understanding of this complex phenomenon.

CRJS 6137 Week 9 Objectives

Description

CRJS 6137 Course covers a range of topics related to the nature of crime and criminology. These include: theories of crime causation; the relationship between crime and deviance; patterns of criminal behavior; types of crimes; victimization; fear of crime; and societal responses to crime. The CRJS 6137 Course also introduces students to research methods used in criminology, and discusses ethical issues surrounding criminological research. Throughout the CRJS 6137 Course, students are encouraged to think critically about issues related to the nature of crime and criminology, and to apply their knowledge to real-world problems.

CRJS 6137 Week 9 Pre-requisites

-N/A-

CRJS 6137 Week 9 Duration

at Northern Virginia Community College (NOVA).

CRJS 6137 Course is 5 weeks long.

CRJS 6137 Week 9 Learning Outcomes

The following student learning outcomes are aligned with the program learning objectives for the Master of Science in Criminal Justice and Criminology.

Upon successful completion of CRJS 6137 Course, students will be able to:

1. Explain how the nature of crime is affected by various social and psychological factors, such as poverty, media violence, and racism.

2. Analyze how different theoretical perspectives on crime can help explain criminal behavior.

3. Evaluate various criminological research methods and their appropriateness for studying specific research questions.

4. Assess the strengths and limitations of different data sources for studying crime and criminological theory.

5. Summarize major findings from empirical research on the nature of crime and criminological theory.

CRJS 6137 Week 9 Assessment & Grading

CRJS 6137 CourseWeek 9 Assessment & Grading for CRJS 6137 – The Nature of Crime and Criminology (5 credits)

CRJS 6137 Course Summary: CRJS 6137 Course examines the major theories and approaches to understanding crime, criminals, victims, and criminal justice agencies. Students will review a variety of research on topics including violence, environmental criminology, cybercrime, organized crime, hate crimes, and terrorism. The emphasis is placed on identifying and evaluating the strengths and limitations of various theories and methods used in criminological research.

CRJS 6137 Week 9 Suggested Resources/Books

The following are suggested readings that may help you understand the concepts covered in CRJS 6137 Course:

· Beccaria, C. (1764). On Crimes and Punishments. London, UK: Penguin Books Ltd.

· Bentham, J. (1789). An Introduction to the Principles of Morals and Legislation. London, UK: Penguin Books Ltd.

· Black, D. (1976). The Behavior of Law. New York, NY: Academic Press.

· Christie, N. (1977). Crime Control as Industry: Towards Gulags Western Style? London, UK: Routledge & Kegan Paul.

· Cohen, L., & Felson, M. (1979). Social Change and Crime Rate Trends: A Routine Activity Approach. American Sociological Review, 44(4), 588-608. doi:10.2307/2094589

· Conklin, J., & Marquart, J. (1991). Deterrence in the Modern Era of Capital Punishment. Criminology, 29(1), 33-69. doi:10.1111/j.1745-9125.1991.tb00911.x

· Cullen, F., & Gendreau, P. (2000). Assessing Correctional Treatment: Policy Implications for Prison Program Evaluation and Meta-Analysis Findings on Rehabilitation Programs for Adult Offenders with Criminal Histories in North America and Europe from 1945 to 1995 In Rydell, C., & Markman S.(Eds.), Controlling Cocaine II (pp 1-27) Washington DC : National Institute of Justice and Office of National Drug Control Policy . Available at https://www..ncjrs..gov/pdffiles1/nij/181680-2..pdf – pdf version https://www..ncjrs..gov/txtfiles1/nij/181680-2..txt – text version

CRJS 6137 Week 9 Assignment (20 Questions)

1. How can criminology help us to better understand the nature of crime?

Criminology can help us to better understand the nature of crime by providing a scientific approach to the study of criminal behavior. This scientific approach can help us to identify patterns and trends in criminal behavior, which can in turn help us to develop more effective strategies for preventing and responding to crime.

2. What is the difference between a crime and a deviance?

A crime is an act that is prohibited by law and punishable by sanctions such as imprisonment or fines. A deviance is an act that violates social norms but is not necessarily prohibited by law.

3. What are the three major theoretical perspectives in criminology?

The three major theoretical perspectives in criminology are the classical school, the positivist school, and the critical school.

4. What are some of the key ideas of the classical school of criminology?

The classical school of criminology is founded on the idea that people have free will and are rational actors who make choices about whether or not to commit crimes based on a cost-benefit analysis. The key ideas of this theory include deterrence, rational choice, and free will.

5. What are some of the key ideas of the positivist school of criminology?

The positivist school of criminology is founded on the idea that people do not have free will and that criminal behavior is determined by biological, psychological, and sociological factors beyond an individual’s control. The key ideas of this theory include determinism, naturalism, and scientific method.

6. What are some of the key ideas of the critical school of criminology?

The critical school of criminology is founded on the idea that crime is a social construct created by those in power in order to maintain their power and control over society. The key ideas of this theory include social construction, power, and control.

CRJS 6137 Week 9 Assignment Question (20 Questions)

Instructions: This examination is open book, open notes. Please type your answers in this document. You may use your textbook and CRJS 6137 Course materials to complete the exam. Be sure to cite any sources you use in your answer in APA format. When you are finished, upload this document through the assignment link above. If you have any questions about the exam or the uploading process, please contact your professor.

Question 1 (1 point)

Based on what we have learned so far, which of the following is NOT a method that criminals use to generate income?

Burglary

Robbery

Prostitution

Embezzlement

Illegal gambling operations

CRJS 6137 Week 9 Discussion 1 (20 Questions)

(CRJS 6137)

In order to participate in this online CRJS 6137 Course, each student will need a computer with an Internet connection. Each student is responsible for accessing the CRJS 6137 Course content and materials. Textbooks, articles, and other required materials will be provided by the instructor or may be purchased by the student. Access to the required materials is available through the Liberty University Online Library and the Liberty University Online Bookstore. Students must purchase required texts by the first week of class. If a text is not available in our bookstore, it can be purchased online or through a local retailer of your choice. Please be sure to check that all required texts are available prior to purchasing them. Students will also have access to an online tutoring service through Smarthinking for writing support during CRJS 6137 Course.

CRJS 6137 Week 9 DQ 1 (20 Questions)

Week 9 DQ 1 (20 Questions) Please be sure to post your responses to this discussion by Wednesday, 11:59 PM Central Time. Your responses should address the following questions with thoughtful detail: 1. What would you include in a definition of crime? 2. How would you explain why definitions of crime vary among individuals? 3. How do social perceptions influence how people define crime? 4. What is an example of how people’s beliefs about crime can lead them to behave in ways that actually contribute to crime? 5. What factors do you think contribute to why some behaviors are criminalized while others are not? 6. Why is it important for criminologists to have a clear understanding of the concept of crime? 7. How might someone’s personal definition of crime influence their research on crim

CRJS 6137 Week 9 Discussion 2 (20 Questions)

1. What are some of the things that people who commit sex crimes have in common?

2. How do we know that sex offenders often have a history of sexual victimization?

3. How might sexual victimization lead to someone committing sex crimes?

4. What are some of the risk factors for committing sex crimes?

5. How can we prevent people from committing sex crimes?

6. What are some of the challenges in treating sex offenders?

7. What are some of the controversies surrounding sex offender registries?

8. What are some of the issues with using polygraphs to screen sex offenders?

9. What is civil commitment, and how does it work?

10. What are some of the criticisms of civil commitment?

CRJS 6137 Week 9 DQ 2 (20 Questions)

1. What are the three types of victimization?

2. How do the three types of victimization differ?

3. Which type of victimization is most common?

4. Which type of victimization is most serious?

5. How does victimization affect victims?

6. How does victimization affect society?

7. What are some ways to prevent victimization?

8. What are some ways to help victims of victimization?

9. What is the difference between a crime and a victimless crime?

10. What are some examples of victimless crimes?

CRJS 6137 Week 9 Quiz (20 Questions)

Question 1: One of the best-known psychological theories of crime is Merton’s strain theory, which suggests that the pressure of the American dream on the lower classes leads to deviance. Which of the following statements about strain theory is TRUE?

Strain theory does not hold up well under scientific scrutiny.

The original formulation of strain theory was too general to be useful.

The relationship between strain and crime is stronger for males than females.

Strain theory has been replaced by more sophisticated psychological theories.

2 points

Question 2: The “rational choice” approach to criminology emphasizes __________ as a key factor in understanding why people commit crimes.

opportunity costs

psychological factors such as personality and intelligence tests scores

the impact of childhood experiences on criminal careers later in life

the role of emotions in human decision-making

2 points

CRJS 6137 Week 9 MCQ’s (20 Multiple Choice Questions)

from Mount Royal University, Canada.

CRJS 6137 Course MCQ’s (20 Multiple Choice Questions) for CRJS 6137 – The Nature of Crime and Criminology (5 credits) (CRJS 6137) from Mount Royal University, Canada.

1. What is the leading cause of death among African American males?a. Aidsb. Cancerc. Heart diseased. Gun violence2. According to Durkheim, what is the main function of deviance in society?a. To unite people against a common enemyb. To highlight social problems so they can be solvedc. To reinforce cultural values and normsd. To provide entertainment3. Which of the following is an example of self-report data?a. Interviewsb. Questionnairec. Focus groupd. Direct observation4. Which theoretical approach would be most likely to explain high rates of crime in inner city neighborhoods as the result of poverty and lack of opportunity?a. Social learning theoryb. Social disorganization theoryc. Social process theoryd. Rational choice theory5. The ___________ model states that the decision to commit a crime is based on a cost-benefit analysis in which the benefits are weighed against the costs and the offender chooses the CRJS 6137 Course of action that maximizes their pleasure and minimizes their pain.a. Routine activitiesb. Rational choicec. Straind. Conflict6. In his strain theory, Merton argues that there are five types of adaptations people can make to achieve their goals: conformity, innovation, ritualism, retreatism, and rebellion. Which one of these adaptations is characterized by giving up on achieving socially approved goals and instead accepting lower status goals?a.$1$1a.$1$1a.$1$1a.$1$1a.$1$1a.$1$1a.$1$1a.$1$17.$1$17.$1$17.$1##$#8.#8.#8.#9.#9.#10.#10.#11.#11.#12#$#13#$#14#$#15#$#16#$#17#$#18#$#19#$#20#$#

CRJS 6137 Week 10 Description

In CRJS 6137 Course, students will learn about the nature of crime and criminology. They will explore various theoretical perspectives on crime and examine how these perspectives can be used to explain criminal behaviour. In addition, students will examine the research methods used in criminology and learn about the different data sources that are available to researchers. Finally, students will learn about the policy implications of criminological research and how this research can be used to inform policy decisions.

CRJS 6137 Week 10 Outline

CRJS 6137 Course examines the major causes of crime, including biological, psychological and sociological theories. It will examine criminal typologies and explore the concept of profiling. The CRJS 6137 Course will also examine the role of police in society and how they work to solve crimes.

CRJS 6137 Week 10 Objectives

CRJS 6137 Course focuses on the nature of crime and criminology. It will cover topics such as: definitions of crime; theories of crime causation; patterns and trends in crime; victimization; fear of crime; illegal drug use; alcohol and crime; organized and white collar crime; violent crime; sex-related crimes; hate crimes; juvenile delinquency; and the criminal justice system’s response to crime. The CRJS 6137 Course will also discuss research methods used in criminology, as well as ethical and policy issues related to the study of crime.

CRJS 6137 Week 10 Pre-requisites

CRJS 6137 Course examines the nature of crime and criminology. The CRJS 6137 Course will begin with a review of the major theories of criminality and examine how these theories explain different types of crime. The CRJS 6137 Course will also cover the major research methods used in criminology and explore how these methods are used to study crime. The CRJS 6137 Course will conclude with a review of the major policy issues in criminology and explore how these policies impact the criminal justice system.

CRJS 6137 Week 10 Duration

4 weeks of study (1 unit) plus exam week

CRJS 6137 Week 10 Learning Outcomes

CRJS 6137 Course examines the various explanations of crime, criminals, and victimization. Theories are explored from a variety of perspectives including individual, social structure, and social process. Selected topics include criminal typologies, subcultural theory, labeling theory, conflict theory, and integrated theories. The CRJS 6137 Course also focuses on the impact of society’s response to crime through law enforcement practices and the administration of criminal justice agencies.

CRJS 6137 Week 10 Assessment & Grading

Description: This assessment will examine the nature of crime, its causes and its classification. The focus of the exam will be on understanding various types of crimes, their victims and perpetrators, as well as on how to reduce crime and victimization.

CRJS 6137 Week 10 Suggested Resources/Books

(10 Week CRJS 6137 Course)

1. “Crime and Criminology, 4th Edition” by Siegel and Worrall, ISBN: 978-1285863875

2. “Criminal Justice Today: An Introductory Text for the 21st Century, 14th Edition” by Schmalleger, ISBN: 978-0134481129

3. “Introduction to Criminal Justice, 15th Edition” by Siegel and Worrall, ISBN: 978-0134076836

CRJS 6137 Week 10 Assignment (20 Questions)

Assignment Instructions

Instructions: Answer the following 20 questions. Be sure to cite any sources used in your responses. The source(s) may be a textbook, lecture notes, and/or scholarly articles from the library databases. Your answers must be in your own words. Copying and pasting from any source (including the textbook) will result in a zero for the assignment. Please type your responses below each question (do not delete the question). Your responses should be at least one paragraph each, but feel free to write more if you like. When you are finished with the assignment, upload it through Blackboard Learn.

1) What is criminology? How did it develop as a discipline? How is it different from other disciplines that study crime? [p. 2]

2) Define crime and explain how it differs from law. [pp. 2-3]

3) Explain how criminal law has developed over time. [pp. 3-5]

4) What is meant by due process? How does it protect citizens’ rights? [pp. 5-6]

5) Explain what is meant by substantive criminal law and procedure criminal law. [p. 6]

6) What are the two types of crimes? Which one is more serious? Why? [p. 7]

7) What are the three elements of a crime? Explain each one. [p. 7]

8) Explain mens rea and actus reus and give an example of each. [p. 8]

CRJS 6137 Week 10 Assignment Question (20 Questions)

Part 1: Please answer the following questions using your own words. Each question must be answered fully in order to receive full credit. (1 point each) 1. What is crime? 2. What is criminology? 3. What are the four types of criminal laws? 4. What is criminal law? 5. What are the three types of crimes? 6. Explain the relationship between crime and society. 7. Explain the relationship between criminology and society. 8. Describe the difference between a criminal and a deviant act. 9. What is meant by the term “social construction of crime”? 10. Describe two of the major theoretical perspectives in criminology, and explain how they differ from one another. 11. Explain how an act can be both criminal and deviant. 12. Explain how an act can be criminal but not deviant, or deviant but not criminal. 13. Define “white-collar crime” and provide two examples of such crimes. 14

CRJS 6137 Week 10 Discussion 1 (20 Questions)

What is an actus reus? What are some examples of actus reus?

CRJS 6137 Week 10 DQ 1 (20 Questions)

It is estimated that there are between 10 and 15 million gangs in the United States. Gangs have been around for centuries, but they have become more prevalent and violent in recent decades. In this discussion, you will have an opportunity to explore the nature of gangs and their impact on society.

1. What are some of the reasons that people join gangs?

2. What are some of the activities that gangs engage in?

3. What are some of the consequences of gang activity?

4. How do gangs affect the communities in which they operate?

5. What can be done to reduce gang activity?

CRJS 6137 Week 10 Discussion 2 (20 Questions)

– Liberty University

Week 10 Discussion 2 “Theories of Crime” Please respond to the following: • From the first e-Activity, explain whether you believe that a lack of self-control is a trait, and whether it is learned or innate. Next, explain which theory or theories you think are most likely to have an impact on reducing crime in your community. Justify your response. • In terms of general theory, identify at least one major similarity and one major difference between Rational Choice Theory and Deterrence Theory. Be specific and provide examples to support your explanation.

CRJS 6137 Week 10 DQ 2 (20 Questions)

What are some examples of crimes that have been motivated by hate? How can hate motivate crime? What are some potential consequences of hate-motivated crime?

CRJS 6137 Week 10 Quiz (20 Questions)

1. The self-report survey is a method that collects quantitative data through interviews.

True

False

2. A problem with the self-report survey as a research method is that it relies on the honesty of the person being interviewed.

True

False

3. In which year did the Uniform Crime Report first collect data on violent crimes?

1930s

1960s

1970s

4. The FBI publishes annual crime statistics for metropolitan areas, cities over 25,000 people, and nonmetropolitan counties.TrueFalse5. Property crimes make up a large portion of all crimes recorded in the UCR.TrueFalse6. The National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS) is conducted by the Bureau of Justice Statistics (BJS).TrueFalse7. One advantage of NCVS over UCR is that NCVS includes crimes not reported to police or other law enforcement agencies, such as stalking and rape by strangers.TrueFalse8. The NCVS collects data from a representative sample of households across the United States every six months through computer-assisted telephone interviews (CATIs).TrueFalse9. The National Incident Based Reporting System (NIBRS) captures information about each single crime incident along with details about every victim and offender involved in that incident.TrueFalse10. One advantage of NIBRS over UCR is that NIBRS captures multiple offenses committed in one incident, whereas UCR only captures one offense per incident.TrueFalse11. What is an important limitation to consider when using official crime statistics?Crime rates may be influenced by police activityCrime rates may be underestimated because some crimes are not reported to policeCrime rates may be overestimated because some reported incidents are not actually crimes12. Underreporting of crime is more likely for less serious crimes like theft than for more serious crimes like murder or rape.TrueFalse13. How do official crime statistics compare to victimization surveys when measuring burglary?Burglary was much more common in official statistics than in victimization surveysBurglary was much more common in victimization surveys than in official statisticsBoth types of data showed similar results14. How do official crime statistics compare to victimization surveys when measuring robbery?Robbery was much more common in official statistics than in victimization surveysRobbery was much more common in victimization surveys than in official statisticsBoth types of data showed similar results15. How do official crime statistics compare to victimization surveys when measuring assault?Assault was much more common in official statistics than in victimization surveysAssault was much more common in victimization surveys than in official statisticsBoth types of data showed similar results16. How do official crime statistics compare to victimization surveys when measuring rape?Rape was much more common in official statistics than in victimization surveysRape was much more common in victimization surveys than in official statisticsBoth types of data showed similar results17. How does underreporting affect comparisons between official criminal justice system data and self-report survey data?Self-report survey data will show higher rates of criminal activitySelf-report survey data will show lower rates of criminal activityUnderreporting affects both types of data equally18. Official records show that there were 16,137 murders committed across the United States during 2012, while self-report survey estimates suggest there were only 8,000 murders committed during 2012.. TrueFalse19. According to government estimates, what percentage of all murders are committed by strangers?20%50%80%20. A limitation associated with qualitative research methods is that they are time-consuming and expensive compared to quantitative research methods.. TrueFalse

CRJS 6137 Week 10 MCQ’s (20 Multiple Choice Questions)

1. Crime is defined as an event that violates the criminal law and is punishable by:

A. a fine, imprisonment, or both.

B. the death penalty.

C. probation or parole.

D. community service.

2. The two types of criminology are:

A. classical and biological.

B. psychological and sociological.

C. scientific and nonscientific.

D. legal and illegal.

3. Which of the following is not one of the four elements of crime?

A. A mental state

B. An overt act or omission to act

CRJS 6137 Week 11 Description

CRJS 6137 Course examines the nature of crime and criminals from a variety of perspectives. We will explore how psychological, biological, and sociological theories can be used to explain criminal behavior. We will also examine how different types of crimes are defined and categorized, as well as how they are measured. The CRJS 6137 Course will conclude with a discussion of the implications of our current understanding of crime for public policy.

CRJS 6137 Week 11 Outline

Week 11 Overview: The Sociology of Crime and Punishment

This week we will focus on the sociology of crime and punishment. We will discuss how sociologists view both crime and punishment, and we will examine how the two interact with each other. We will also consider how sociological theories can help us to understand crime and punishment in our own society.

CRJS 6137 Week 11 Objectives

* Understand various theories of crime causation.

* Be familiar with various types of crimes.

* Understand how criminologists measure crime and criminal behavior.

* Be familiar with the operation of the criminal justice system.

CRJS 6137 Week 11 Pre-requisites

CRJS 6137 Course provides an overview of the nature of crime and criminology. The CRJS 6137 Course begins with a review of basic concepts in criminology and then examines the relationship between crime and society. The CRJS 6137 Course also covers the major theoretical approaches to the study of crime and criminology, as well as the major research methods used in the field. The CRJS 6137 Course concludes with a review of the major policy issues in criminology.

CRJS 6137 Week 11 Duration

CRJS 6137 Course is a study of the major theories and research in criminology and their implications for understanding the nature and causes of crime. Special emphasis is placed on the relationship between theories, research, and social policy. Theories studied include those that focus on individual differences, environmental influences, and cultural perspectives. This class will also focus on the contributions of social structure and social process to criminal behavior.

CRJS 6137 Week 11 Learning Outcomes

CRJS 6137 Course explores the nature of crime and criminology. It will examine various perspectives on crime and how they are used to explain and predict criminal behavior. The CRJS 6137 Course will also explore various types of crime and the extent to which they are committed in our society. In addition, the CRJS 6137 Course will examine the impact of crime on victims, offenders, and society as a whole. Finally, the CRJS 6137 Course will explore various strategies for preventing and responding to crime. Upon completion of CRJS 6137 Course, students will be able to: • Explain the nature of crime and its relationship to other social phenomena. • Describe various perspectives on crime and how they are used to explain and predict criminal behavior. • Explain the extent to which various types of crime are committed in our society. • Analyze the impact of crime on victims, offenders, and society as a whole. • Evaluate various strategies for preventing and responding to crime.

CRJS 6137 Week 11 Assessment & Grading

Assessment and Grading for CRJS 6137 – The Nature of Crime and Criminology (5 credits)

Assessment and grading will be based on a number of factors, including: class participation, exams, papers, and presentations.

Class Participation:

Class participation is expected and will be graded. You are expected to attend all classes and to participate actively in discussion. Participation includes asking questions, making comments, and sharing your perspectives on the readings and class discussion. Participation grades will be determined by the instructor based on their observations in class. If you must miss class, please notify the instructor in advance. More than two unexcused absences may result in a lower participation grade.

Exams: There will be two exams administered during the CRJS 6137 Course of the semester. Each exam will be worth 100 points. The first exam (worth 100 points) will cover material from weeks 1-5, and the second exam (worth 100 points) will cover material from weeks 6-11. Exams will consist of multiple choice questions, short answer questions, essay questions, and/or problems to solve. Some exams may have a take home component that is due at the beginning of class on the day of the exam. All exams must be taken as scheduled; there are no make-up exams given without prior approval from the instructor. Exams cannot be rescheduled due to work or personal conflicts; if you have a conflict with an exam date, you must notify the instructor prior to the start of the semester so that alternate arrangements can be made.

Papers: There are three papers required in CRJS 6137 Course. Paper 1 (worth 30 points) is due at the beginning of class on week 3, paper 2 (worth 40 points) is due at the beginning of class on week 7, and paper 3 (worth 50 points) is due at the beginning of class on week 11. Papers must be typed using 12 point font, double spaced, with one inch margins on all sides. Citations must follow APA format (6th edition). Papers that do not meet these requirements will not be accepted and will receive a grade of zero. Late papers will lose one letter grade for each day they are late (e.g., an “A” paper that is one day late will receive a “B”). Papers more than four days late will not be accepted and will receive a grade of zero.

Presentations: Each student will give two presentations during the semester – one on paper 1 and one on paper 2. Presentations should last between 5-10 minutes and should highlight key points from your paper. You may use PowerPoint or any other visual aids you deem necessary. Presentations will be graded based on content, delivery, and use of visual aids

CRJS 6137 Week 11 Suggested Resources/Books

Introduction to Criminological Theory ( Required )

The Nature of Crime and Criminology ( Required )

Criminological Theory: Context and Consequences ( Required )

Theories of Crime (Required)

CRJS 6137 Week 11 Assignment (20 Questions)

1. Define crime and its relationship to the law.

Crime is an act that violates a criminal law. The relationship between crime and the law is that crime is an act that is prohibited by the law, and the law is a set of rules that society has created to maintain order and peace.

2. Explain why criminologists study both criminal behavior and law enforcement activity.

Criminologists study both criminal behavior and law enforcement activity in order to better understand how to prevent crime and keep communities safe. By understanding both the criminals and those who enforce the law, criminologists can develop more effective strategies for fighting crime.

3. Discuss the various goals of punishment.

The various goals of punishment include retribution, deterrence, incapacitation, rehabilitation, and restitution. Retribution is the belief that criminals deserve to be punished for their crimes. Deterrence is the belief that punishment will deter others from committing crimes. Incapacitation is the belief that criminals should be imprisoned to prevent them from harming others. Rehabilitation is the belief that criminals can be reformed and should be given the opportunity to do so. Restitution is the belief that criminals should make restitution to their victims for the harm they have caused.

4. Compare and contrast formal and informal social controls.

Formal social controls are those that are codified in laws or other rules, such as schools or workplaces. Informal social controls are those that are not codified in laws or rules, but are instead based on social norms, such as peer pressure or community standards.

5. Discuss the various types of crimes.

There are three main types of crimes: personal crimes, property crimes, and public order crimes. Personal crimes are those that involve violence or the threat of violence against a person, such as murder, rape, or assault. Property crimes are those that involve theft or damage to property, such as burglary or vandalism. Public order crimes are those that threaten the peace and order of society, such as rioting or disorderly conduct.

CRJS 6137 Week 11 Assignment Question (20 Questions)

Name: _____________________________

Chapter 12 – Social Control and Crime Prevention

1. Which of the following is an example of a negative sanction?
2. According to Sutherland’s differential association theory, which of the following is true about criminal behavior?
3. The concept of collective efficacy was first introduced by:
4. The two primary types of social disorganization are:
5. A recent study that examined the impact of community-based programs on juvenile crime found that:
6. Community-based programs that seek to reduce juvenile crime typically focus on:
7. One criticism of community-based programs is that they:
8. Deterrence theories posit that criminal behavior can be reduced by:
9. The two types of deterrence are:
10. Specific deterrence is based on the principle that:
11. General deterrence is based on the principle that:
12. The most serious problem with using fear as a means of controlling criminal behavior is that it:
13. The concept of rational choice suggests that people engage in criminal behavior because they believe that the benefits outweigh the costs. Which of the following is an example of a cost associated with criminal behavior?
14. Rational choice theories have been criticized for failing to take into account the fact that many criminals are:
15. Situational crime prevention (SCP) is based on the premise that:
16. One advantage of SCP over traditional crime prevention strategies is that it:
17. One disadvantage of SCP is that it:
18. The three primary goals of sentencing are:
19. Intermediate sanctions are punishments that fall between probation and imprisonment and include such things as:
20. The most serious problem with using intermediate sanctions is that they often result in:

CRJS 6137 Week 11 Discussion 1 (20 Questions)

Question 1: What are some of the main reasons why crimes are not reported to the police? Why is this important to consider when conducting research on crime?

Some of the main reasons why crimes are not reported to the police include:

-Fear of reprisal or retaliation from the offender

-Embarrassment or shame associated with the victimization

-Perceptions that the police will not or cannot do anything to help

-Belief that the crime is not serious enough to warrant police involvement

– previous negative experiences with the police

This is important to consider when conducting research on crime because it can impact the accuracy and validity of data. If certain types of crimes are more likely to go unreported, this can skew results and lead to incorrect conclusions.

CRJS 6137 Week 11 DQ 1 (20 Questions)

What is the nature of crime? How can we explain the existence of crime in society?

1. What is the nature of crime?

Crime is an act that violates the criminal law. It is an act that results in punishment by the state.

2. How can we explain the existence of crime in society?

There are various theories that attempt to explain the existence of crime in society. These include sociological theories, psychological theories, and biological theories.

CRJS 6137 Week 11 Discussion 2 (20 Questions)

The Nature of Crime and Criminology (CRJS 6137)

Discussion 2 (20 Questions)

Instructions: Please review the discussion rubric prior to beginning the discussion. Complete all questions and submit your work as an attachment. The instructor will post grades within five days of submission. This assignment is due by 11:59 pm EST on Sunday of Week 11.

CRJS 6137 Week 11 DQ 2 (20 Questions)

at Regent University

1. What is a cultural conflict theory?

2. What are the three main types of cultural conflict theory?

3. How do cultural conflict theories differ from structural conflict theories?

4. What are the key assumptions of cultural conflict theories?

5. How do cultural conflict theories explain crime and deviance?

6. What are the strengths of cultural conflict theories?

7. What are the weaknesses of cultural conflict theories?

8. What are some criticisms of cultural conflict theories?

9. What are some recent empirical tests of cultural conflict theory?

10. How do cultural conflict theories contribute to our understanding of crime and deviance?

CRJS 6137 Week 11 Quiz (20 Questions)

1. The purpose of the U.S. Department of Education’s National Center for Education Statistics is to a) provide information about schools and student performance b) track changes in crime rates over time c) examine changes in sentencing practices d) evaluate prison education programs 2. The term “determinism” refers to the belief that a) crime is inevitable b) criminals are biologically different from non-criminals c) criminal behavior can be changed d) environmental factors determine whether people become criminals 3. A key difference between the psychological and sociological schools of criminology is that a) the former focuses on individual differences while the latter examines societal factors b) the former focuses on inner psychological motivations while the latter focuses on social learning theory c) sociological theorists focus on large-scale processes while psychologists focus on individual-level phenomena d) sociologists focus on determining which theories of criminal behavior are true, while psychologists tend to focus on treatment 4. In Siegel’s criminology textbook, you read about two juvenile brothers who used to steal cars with their friends after school. One brother was caught by police and sent to juvenile detention, where he received no services or support whatsoever. He was released back into society at age 21 and quickly got involved in organized crime. His brother, however, never got caught and joined the military instead. Which theory would best explain why these two brothers had such different outcomes? a) Conflict theory b) Social learning theory c) Social structure theory d) Psychological/trait theory 5. The idea that criminal behavior can be explained by reference to internal psychological forces is referred to as __________ theory. a) social learning b) biological determinism c) social process d) critical 6. According to which school of thought are human beings born with specific traits that make them more likely to engage in criminal behavior? a). conflict b). biological determinism c). classical d). strain 7. Which school of thought suggests that criminal behavior is learned through observation and imitation? a). strain b). conflict c). critical d). social learning 8. Social conflict theory views crime as: a.) an act committed by an individual who has intentionally decided to break the law based on his or her own set of personal values or beliefs b.) determined by socio-economic status and race/ethnicity c.) learned through interaction with others within groups (e.g., gangs), or in other words, it’s something that’s socially constructed d.) largely explained by an individual’s genetic makeup 9. An important criticism of biological theories of crime is that they: a.) ignore socio-economic status as an important factor in understanding crime b.) have been abandoned by most criminologists today c.) fail to explain why rates of criminal behavior differ among social groups (e.g., men vs women, whites vs blacks), if criminal behavior is determined genetically d.) cannot be tested empirically 10. Strain theories suggest that crime results from: a.) feeling unable to reach goals using conventional means because your socio-economic status prevents you from having access to those means (e.g., job opportunities, good schools, etc.), so you turn instead to illegal activities as a way of trying to reach those goals b.) feeling unable to reach goals using conventional means because your biological makeup prevents you from having access to those means (e.g., job opportunities, good schools, etc.), so you turn instead to illegal activities as a way of trying to reach those goals c.) feeling unable not only because you have low socio-economic status but also because you feel like society isn’t treating you fairly (e..g., discrimination), so you turn instead to illegal activities as a way of trying to get what you feel entitled too d.) feeling unable not only because you have low socio-economic status but also because your parents didn’t raise you properly (i.e., they didn’t instill in you proper values), so you turn instead to illegal activities as a way of trying 11. Merton believed that deviance results from: a.) people adapting their goals and means in order not deviate from what society expects of them b.) people adopting new goals and means when they cannot achieve their goals through conventional means c.) strain experienced by people who have low socio-economic status d.) strain experienced by people whose parents didn’t raise them properly 12. Anomie refers to: a.) feeling unable not only because you have low socio-economic status but also because your parents didn’t raise you properly (i..e, they didn’t instill in you proper values), so you turn instead subcultural activities as away of trying 13. Robert Agnew’s general strain theory argues that: 14.. Albert Cohen believed that lower class juveniles form gangs in order to: 15.. Social learning theorists would say that: 16.. A key criticism leveled against social structure theories is that they: 17.. According to Hirschi’s control theory, self-control is determined by: 18.. A key criticism leveled against control theories is that they: 19.. The idea that some crimes are committed out of financial necessity (e.g., robbery, prostitution) rather than for personal gain is known as: 20.. Rational choice theories suggest that criminals

CRJS 6137 Week 11 MCQ’s (20 Multiple Choice Questions)

Question 1.1. Which of the following is not true about informal social control? (Points : 3)
It is usually imposed from outside the group.
It is a part of the community’s normative system.
It is often more effective than formal social control.
It tends to be negative in nature and punitive.
Question 2.2. The two types of information that are used by police to make decisions about whether to use force are __________ and ___________.(Points : 3)
objective, subjective
secondary, primary
physical, mental
factual, anecdotal
Question 3.3. One major difference between violent and nonviolent protests is that violent protests are more likely to have: (Points : 3)

improved police relations over time.

been labeled domestic terrorism by government officials.

an increase in media coverage and attention paid by the public over time.

a decrease in participation rates over time as people become disillusioned with violence as a means of political change.
Question 4.4. Which of the following factors contributes to why violent crime may be underreported? (Points : 3)

fear of retaliation

lack of trust in police

stigma associated with victimization

all of the above
Question 5.5. Based on Chapter 9, which type of evaluation design would be most appropriate for testing the efficacy of an officer’s ability to de-escalate situations using verbal commands? (Points : 3)

pre-experimental design

experimental design

post-experimental design

none of the above
Question 6.6. The act committed by an individual when he or she attempts or threatens to inflict physical harm on another person without touching him or her is referred to as ______________.(Points : 3)

aggravated assault

battery

sexual assault

simple assault
Question 7.7. When an offender uses a weapon during the commission of a crime, this is known as: (Points : 3)

domestic violence

armed robbery

burglary armed robbery Question 8 .8 . Research has shown that which one of the following methods was most effective in reducing intimate partner violence?(Points : 3)You Answered establishing protective orders through mandatory arrest policies True/False forced treatment for substance abuse among offendersTrue/False increasing women’s self-defense skillsCorrect Answer True/False providing education and prevention programs within schoolsTrue/False Correct Answer increased surveillance and monitoring among offendersTrue/False providing services to victims True/False Question 9 .9 . According to Chapter 8, which one of the following types of campaigns has been found to reduce teen pregnancy rates?(Points : 3)You Answered education campaigns that promote abstinence among teenagersTrue/False youth development campaignsCorrect Answer True/False advertising campaigns targeting mothersTrue/False television campaigns featuring shock tactics Question 10 .10 . According to Chapter 8, which one of the following methods was not found to reduce teen pregnancy rates?(Points : 3)You Answered education campaigns that promote abstinence among teenagersTrue/False youth development campaignsTrue/False advertising campaigns targeting mothersCorrect Answer True/False television campaigns featuring shock tacticsTrue/False providing comprehensive sex education within schoolsTrue/False Question 11 .11 . Based on Chapter 8, what is true about scaring people into changing their behavior?(Points : 3)You Answered it may work in some cases but not othersCorrect Answer it rarely works it only works when people are truly afraid for their safety it can have long-term negative consequences such as anxiety and depression it can be effective in changing behavior if done correctly Question 12 .12 . According to Chapter 8, which one of the following types of interventions has been found NOT to reduce teen pregnancy rates?(Points : 3)You Answered life skills training programs Correct Answer True/False after-school programsTrue/False mentoring programs Question 13 .13 . Based on Chapter 8, what is NOT true about mass media campaigns aimed at changing social norms surrounding risky behaviors like unprotected sex?(Points : 3)You Answered they can be very costly and time consuming Correct Answer they tend not to work they can have both positive and negative effects they should always feature positive role models they should always be carefully planned and structured Question 14 .14 . What type of evaluation design would be most appropriate for testing the efficacy of an officer’s ability to de-escalate situations using verbal commands? (Points : 3)You Answered pre-experimental design experimental design post-experimental design none of the above Correct Answer Question 15 .15 . When an offender uses a weapon during the commission of a crime, this is known as: (Points : 3)You Answered domestic violence armed robbery burglary armed robbery Correct Answer Question 16 .16 . The act committed by an individual when he or she attempts or threatens to inflict physical harm on another person without touching him or her is referred to as ______________.(Points : 3)You Answered aggravated assault battery sexual assault simple assault Correct Answer Question 17 .17 . One major difference between violent and nonviolent protests is that violent protests are more likely to have: (Points : 3)You Answered improved police relations over time been labeled domestic terrorism by government officials an increase in media coverage and attention paid by the public over time a decrease in participation rates over time as people become disillusioned with violence as a means of political change Correct Answer Question 18 .18 . Research has shown that which one of the following methods was most effective in reducing intimate partner violence?(Points : 3)You Answered establishing protective orders through mandatory arrest policies forced treatment for substance abuse among offenders increasing women’s self-defense skills providing education and prevention programs within schools Correct Answer increased surveillance and monitoring among offenders providing services to victims Question 19 .19 . Based on Chapter 9, which type of evaluation design would be most appropriate for testing the efficacy of an officer’s ability to de-escalate situations using verbal commands? (Points : 3)You Answered pre-experimental design experimental design post-experimental design none of the above Correct Answer Question 20

CRJS 6137 Week 12 Description

CRJS 6137 Course explores crime and criminology in the United States and other nations. Topics include victimization, fear of crime, criminal careers, homicide, robbery, burglary, theft, auto theft, white collar crime, organized crime, corruption and political crime.

CRJS 6137 Week 12 Outline

Week 12: Environmental Criminology

Lecture Outline:

I. Introduction to Environmental Criminology
* Definition of environmental criminology and its application to criminal behavior
* Overview of the major theoretical approaches to understanding criminal behavior
* Relationship between criminal behavior and the physical environment

II. Routine Activity Theory
* Definition of routine activity theory
* Key concepts of routine activity theory
* How routine activity theory is used to explain criminal behavior
* Empirical evidence supporting routine activity theory

III. Situational Crime Prevention
* Definition of situational crime prevention
* Key concepts of situational crime prevention
* How situational crime prevention is used to prevent criminal behavior
* Empirical evidence supporting situational crime prevention

IV. Fear of Crime
* Definition of fear of crime
* Key factors that contribute to fear of crime
* How fear of crime affects people’s daily lives
* Empirical evidence on the relationship between fear of crime and actual levels of crime

CRJS 6137 Week 12 Objectives

CRJS 6137 Course examines the nature of crime and criminal behavior. The CRJS 6137 Course will cover various types of crimes, theories of criminal behavior, as well as victimization. The CRJS 6137 Course will also examine the American criminal justice system and its response to crime.

CRJS 6137 Week 12 Pre-requisites

Pre-requisites for CRJS 6137 – The Nature of Crime and Criminology (5 credits) are a high school degree or equivalent, and at least two years of university-level CRJS 6137 Coursework.

CRJS 6137 Week 12 Duration

5 weeks

Prerequisites CRJS 6130 – Social Psychology of Criminal Law and Crime (5 credits) (CRJS 6130)

Co-requisites CRJS 6138 – Theories of Crime and Criminality (5 credits) (CRJS 6138)

CRJS 6137 Week 12 Learning Outcomes

Week 12 Learning Outcomes: On successful completion of this week, students will be able to: 1. Understand the nature of crime and the criminal justice system.
2. Understand the different types of crimes and the different ways they are classified.
3. Understand the different theories of crime and how they explain the causes of crime.
4. Understand the different methods of measuring crime and the problems associated with measuring crime.
5. Understand the different responses to crime and how they are used to control and prevent crime.

CRJS 6137 Week 12 Assessment & Grading

(CRJS 6137)

#1.What is crime? How would you define it?

Crime is an act that is prohibited by law and punishable by a fine, imprisonment, or both.

CRJS 6137 Week 12 Suggested Resources/Books

CRJS 6137 Week 12 Suggested Resources/Books for CRJS 6137 – The Nature of Crime and Criminology (5 credits) (CRJS 6137)

1. A General Theory of Crime: Michael R. Gottfredson and Travis Hirschi

2. Crime and Punishment: An Economic Approach: Gary S. Becker

3. Rational Choice, Deterrence, and Social Control: Anthony A. Caputo and Joseph Zeira

4. The Economics of Crime: Theory and Practice: Jeff Grogger and Steven D. Levitt

CRJS 6137 Week 12 Assignment (20 Questions)

• Question 1: What are the different types of crime?

• Question 2: How do criminals commit crimes?

• Question 3: What are the consequences of crime?

• Question 4: How can society prevent crime?

• Question 5: What is the difference between a criminal and a non-criminal?

• Question 6: What motivates criminals to commit crimes?

• Question 7: How do police officers investigate crimes?

• Question 8: What is the role of the judiciary in the criminal justice system?

• Question 9: How does the correctional system punish offenders?

• Question 10: What is the role of the community in crime prevention?

CRJS 6137 Week 12 Assignment Question (20 Questions)

Question 1: In what ways is crime deviant? How does this deviance help to explain why we have laws? (500 words)

Crime is defined as an act that breaks the law. It is considered deviant because it goes against what is considered to be normal or acceptable behaviour. There are many different theories as to why people commit crime, but one of the most widely accepted explanations is that it is a result of social and economic inequalities. When people feel that they do not have the same opportunities as others, they may turn to crime in order to get what they want. This can help to explain why we have laws, as they are designed to protect society from those who would break the law in order to gain an advantage.

Question 2: What is the difference between a felony and a misdemeanor? Give examples of each. (500 words)

A felony is a serious crime that is punishable by imprisonment for more than one year. Murder, rape, and robbery are all examples of felonies. A misdemeanor is a less serious crime that is punishable by imprisonment for less than one year. Petty theft and simple assault are examples of misdemeanors.

CRJS 6137 Week 12 Discussion 1 (20 Questions)

CRJS 6137: The Nature of Crime and Criminology (5 credits)

The CRJS 6137 Course is designed to help students understand the concepts of crime, criminals, victimization, and criminal justice. In this class we will examine how such concepts have been defined, operationalized, and measured over time. We will also explore how different theories about crime and criminals have been developed and what their policy implications are.

CRJS 6137 Week 12 DQ 1 (20 Questions)

CRJS 6137 Week 12 DQ 2 (20 Questions) for CRJS 6137 – The Nature of Crime and Criminology (5 credits) (CRJS 6137)

CRJS 6137 Course Final Exam for CRJS 6137 – The Nature of Crime and Criminology (5 credits) (CRJS 6137)

CRJS 6137 Week 12 Discussion 2 (20 Questions)

1. How have ideas about crime and punishment changed over time?
2. How have sociological theories of crime and deviance contributed to our understanding of criminal behavior?
3. What are the major goals of the criminal justice system?
4. How does the American criminal justice system compare to those in other countries?
5. What is the difference between a felony and a misdemeanor?
6. What are some of the major types of crimes?
7. What are the different types of crimes against property?
8. What are the different types of crimes against people?
9. What is meant by the term “white-collar crime”?
10. What is organized crime?
11. What is terrorism?
12. How do we measure crime?
13. Why do some people believe that there is more crime now than in the past?
14. What are some of the possible explanations for why crime rates fluctuate over time?
15. How do victimization surveys help us understand victimization patterns and trends?
16. What factors influence whether or not a person will report a victimization to the police?
17. How do we know that most crime is not reported to the police?
18. If most crime is not reported to the police, why do we rely so heavily on police data to understand patterns and trends in crime?
19. Why do we believe that self-report data may provide a more accurate picture of actual criminal behavior than official data?
20. How can we use research to inform policy and practice in the criminal justice system?

CRJS 6137 Week 12 DQ 2 (20 Questions)

According to the textbook, organized crime groups tend to be involved in a variety of criminal activities. For example, the Mafia in the United States has been involved in activities such as gambling, loan sharking, drug trafficking, and prostitution. Choose one of the following organized crime groups and describe its involvement in criminal activities:

-The Yakuza in Japan

-The Russian Mafia

-The Medellin Cartel in Colombia

-The Irish Mob in the United States

CRJS 6137 Week 12 Quiz (20 Questions)

This is a proctored exam worth 100 points. Please make sure you are in a quiet room and you have the required materials with you before beginning the exam.

CRJS 6137 Week 12 MCQ’s (20 Multiple Choice Questions)

-If an individual has a propensity to act criminally, but is prevented from doing so by various social controls, it is referred to as the:
A. Social Control Theory
B. Differential Association Theory
C. Strain Theory
D. Deterrence Theory
E. Classical Choice Theory

B. Differential Association Theory

CRJS 6137 Week 13 Description

The Nature of Crime and Criminology

CRJS 6137 Course is an overview of the nature of crime, criminal behavior, and criminological theory. The CRJS 6137 Course will examine various types of crime, their victims, and the criminal justice system’s response to crime. Various theories of criminality will be explored as well as how they relate to public policy.

CRJS 6137 Week 13 Outline

CRJS 6137 Course examines the nature of crime, its causes and consequences, and how it is controlled. It covers topics such as crime typologies, victimology, fear of crime, criminal careers, the criminal justice system response to crime, criminological theory and research, social policy and the future of criminology.

Learning Outcomes

By the end of CRJS 6137 Course students will be able to:

1. Understand various ways in which crime is defined and measured.

2. Understand various theories about the causes of crime.

3. Understand various theories about the consequences of crime.

4. Understand how crimes are controlled through the criminal justice system.

5. Understand criminological theory and research methods.

CRJS 6137 Week 13 Objectives

Week 13 Objectives for CRJS 6137 – The Nature of Crime and Criminology (5 credits)

1. Understand what is meant by the term “crime typology.”

2. Understand how criminologists use typologies to study crime.

3. Be familiar with some of the most common typologies used to study crime.

4. Understand how typologies can be used to inform crime prevention and criminal justice policies.

CRJS 6137 Week 13 Pre-requisites

None.

CRJS 6137 Week 13 Duration

Week 13: You will have the opportunity to read and discuss chapters on violent crime, organized crime, property crime, white-collar crime, and state crime. You will also explore different victimization theories in this week.

CRJS 6137 Week 13 Learning Outcomes

By the end of this week, students will be able to:

– Define and describe different types of criminal organizations.
– Discuss how organized crime affects society and the economy.
– Explain how law enforcement agencies investigate and prosecute organized crime.

CRJS 6137 Week 13 Assessment & Grading

Assessment for CRJS 6137 – The Nature of Crime and Criminology (5 credits)

If you are a full-time student taking CRJS 6137 Course, you will be assessed on your performance in the following ways:

CRJS 6137 Coursework 1 (10%) – 500 words

CRJS 6137 Coursework 2 (20%) – 1000 words

CRJS 6137 Coursework 3 (30%) – 1500 words

Examination (40%) – 3 hours

CRJS 6137 Week 13 Suggested Resources/Books

Introduction to Criminology, 10th Edition

Criminology: Theory, Research, and Policy, 4th Edition

CRJS 6137 Week 13 Assignment (20 Questions)

I. Identify three (3) of the five (5) major perspectives in criminology and discuss each one, giving examples of how they might apply to a crime you have heard about. Include in your discussion:

The classical perspective – The classical perspective is based on the idea that people are rational and make choices based on a cost-benefit analysis. This perspective suggests that criminals weigh the costs and benefits of their actions before deciding whether or not to commit a crime. For example, a person may decide to rob a bank because they believe the benefits (the amount of money they will get from the robbery) outweigh the costs (the risk of getting caught and going to jail).

The biological perspective – The biological perspective suggests that some people are more likely to commit crimes because of their physical or genetic makeup. For example, someone with a low level of serotonin (a chemical in the brain that affects mood) may be more likely to commit crimes because they are more impulsive and have difficulty controlling their emotions.

The psychological perspective – The psychological perspective suggests that people commit crimes because of psychological factors, such as low self-esteem, feelings of isolation, or mental disorders. For example, someone who feels like they don’t belong in society may be more likely to commit crimes because they feel like they have nothing to lose.

The sociological perspective – The sociological perspective suggests that people commit crimes because of social factors, such as poverty, inequality, or peer pressure. For example, someone who grows up in a poor neighborhood may be more likely to commit crimes because they have fewer opportunities and are more likely to be exposed to criminal activity.

The labeling perspective – The labeling perspective suggests that people who are labeled as criminals by the criminal justice system are more likely to commit crimes in the future. For example, someone who is convicted of a crime may find it harder to get a job in the future, which may lead them to commit more crimes to make money.

CRJS 6137 Week 13 Assignment Question (20 Questions)

at Argosy University, Washington DC

In this assignment, you will explore various theories of crime and criminology. This will help you develop a better understanding of the subject matter.

1. What are some of the different types of crimes?

2. How do criminologists define crime?

3. What is the difference between a criminal act and a criminal offense?

4. What are the elements of a crime?

5. What is mens rea?

6. What is actus reus?

7. What is causation?

8. What is concurrence?

9. What are some of the defenses to crime?

10. What is self-defense?

11. What is insanity?

12. What is diminished capacity?

CRJS 6137 Week 13 Discussion 1 (20 Questions)

Week 13 Discussion 1 (20 Questions) for CRJS 6137 – The Nature of Crime and Criminology (5 credits) Please answer each of the following 20 questions in your initial posting. Your answers should be based on what we have discussed during the CRJS 6137 Course. You are not required to research outside sources, but you may if you wish. You may use an online dictionary to look up any terms that you are unsure about or need clarification on. Please post your answers by the beginning of class on Monday, December 5, 2016 . Thank you! 1. What is “crime”? 2. How does crime compare to civil wrongs? 3. What are the elements of a crime? 4. What is mens rea and why is it important? 5. What is actus reus and why is it important? 6. If a person attempts a crime, but fails to commit it, can they still be charged with a crime? 7. If a person attempts a crime and succeeds in committing it, can they still be charged with attempted crime? 8. Why is causation important in determining criminal liability? 9. What do you think about insanity as a defense to criminal liability? 10. What do you think about diminished capacity as a defense to criminal liability? 11. Why do most states no longer allow diminished capacity as a defense to criminal liability? 12. Why did some states start allowing battered women’s syndrome as a defense to criminal liability for homicide cases involving domestic violence victims who killed their abusers after years of being abused by them? 13. Do you agree with this decision or not, and why or why not? 14. If we were to eliminate all defenses available for defendants in criminal cases except for self-defense, how would this affect the way our criminal justice system operates currently? 15. Should mental illness always be considered when deciding whether someone should face charges for a crime or not? 16. When someone commits suicide and leaves behind evidence that they committed suicide because they wanted others to believe that they had been murdered instead, should that person be charged with filing a false police report if someone else had actually been arrested and charged with murder before the truth was discovered that it was actually suicide instead of murder that took place originally? 17

CRJS 6137 Week 13 DQ 1 (20 Questions)

Week 13 DQ 1 (20 Questions) for CRJS 6137 – The Nature of Crime and Criminology (5 credits) (CRJS 6137) Question 1 of 20 1.0/ 1.0 Points Why do you think there has been such an increase in the use of crack cocaine in the last ten to fifteen years? How has this increased use impacted our society? Question 2 of 20 1.0/ 1.0 Points What is the difference between crime and deviance? Give examples of both. Question 3 of 20 0.0/ 1.0 Points In what ways do crack cocaine and heroin users differ? What are some similarities? Are these drugs used by different subpopulations or social groups? Explain your answer with examples. Question 4 of 20 1.0/ 1.0 Points Write a paragraph on any two theories covered in CRJS 6137 Course that you find particularly interesting, plausible, or useful and explain why these two theories stand out for you as a student interested in criminology as a field of study and research as a possible career path for yourself someday. Question 5 of 20 0.0/ 1.0 Points Describe three general characteristics typically associated with street gangs and explain why gangs have taken hold in many large cities across the United States during recent decades. Question 6 of 20 0.0/ 1.0 Points Why do you think so many young people are drawn to gangs even though they are illegal organizations which participate in criminal activities that can harm or kill innocent victims? Is it because young people want excitement or adventure, or is something else going on? Explain your answer with specific examples from your own experience if possible and then comment on whether you believe prevention programs like the DARE program are effective at reducing gang involvement among adolescents or if such efforts would be better spent elsewhere because they are not working very well to prevent gang involvement among young people at risk for joining gangs anyway due to their current lifestyle choices and values . . . even before they get into trouble with the law! Question 7 of 20 0.0/ 1.0 Points Which theory do you think best explains criminality among inner-city youth today, social control theory or strain theory, and why is this your choice over other theories covered in CRJS 6137 Course that might also help to explain criminality among inner-city youth today? Be sure to include specific references to relevant chapters we read during the semester, including chapters 2, 3, 4, 5, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 21 , 23 , 24 , 25

Question 8 of 20 0.0/ 1.0 Points How does violent crime impact our society beyond just those who become victims directly because they were physically harmed by offenders during a criminal incident itself? For example, how might witnesses to violence be affected psychologically by what they saw happen to someone else when an offender committed a violent act against another person nearby them; how might communities where such crimes occur be affected economically due to fear that there may be more such crimes in future; how might communities where such crimes occur be affected socially because residents often move away when violent crime rates increase; etc.? Be sure to give specific examples from your own experience if possible when writing about these questions since this will help me better understand your answers! Question 9 of 20 0.0/ 1.0 Points What makes white collar criminals unique from other criminals we have studied this semester (e.g., street criminals)? In what ways do white collar criminals look like street criminals (e..g., their goal is usually financial gain)? Would you say that white collar criminals are really no different from other types of criminals we have studied this semester since their ultimate goals are similar even though their methods differ greatly sometimes from street criminals’ methods for committing crimes (e..g., white collar crimes)? Explain your answer with specific references to one or more chapters we read during the semester related specifically to white collar crime (including chapters 5 through 9). Question 10 of 20 0.0/ 1.0 Points Why do women participate less frequently than men in deviant activities? Do you think women engage less frequently than men in deviant activities because they are socialized differently than men by their parents when growing up so that they learn from an early age that deviance is wrong and should be avoided; or do you think women engage less frequently than men in deviant activities because society tends overall to discourage females more than males from engaging in deviant behavior but there is nothing preventing them from doing so except cultural pressure not necessarily coming directly from their families since most families accept either boys’ or girls’ participation equally as normal until adolescence when boys are expected by society overall more than girls to begin engaging more often in deviant activities like playing sports while girls are expected more than boys at early adolescence stage especially after they enter puberty before adulthood begins around age 18-19 when most girls start attending college while most boys begin working full-time jobs instead right after high school graduation rather than going on right away right after graduating high school so it all has mainly just got something mainly just got something mainly just mainly mainly mainly mainly mainly mainly mainly mainly mainly main main main main main main mains main mains mains mains mains mains mains mains mains man man man man man mans mans mans mans mans mans mans mans mans mand mand mand mand mand mand mand mand manda mandaman mandaman mandaman mandaman mandaman sand sand sand sand sand sand sand sands sands sands sands sanda sanda sanda sanda sanda san

CRJS 6137 Week 13 Discussion 2 (20 Questions)

1. How do criminal justice agencies use information technology to support their missions? What are the advantages and disadvantages of these technologies?

2. How have information technologies transformed police work? What challenges do police face in using these technologies?

3. How has information technology transformed the criminal justice system? What challenges does the system face in using these technologies?

4. How can information technology be used to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of the criminal justice system? What are some of the challenges in using these technologies?

5. What are some of the ethical issues associated with the use of information technology in the criminal justice system? How can these issues be addressed?

CRJS 6137 Week 13 DQ 2 (20 Questions)

1. What are the three types of victimization? What is the difference between them?

2. How can a person be both a victim and an offender?

3. How do victims react to victimization?

4. What is the difference between a violent and a nonviolent crime?

5. What are some of the psychological effects of victimization?

6. What is the difference between a crime and a deviance?

7. What is the difference between a crime and an offense?

8. What is the difference between a misdemeanor and a felony?

9. What are some of the different types of crimes?

10. What are some of the different types of offenders?

CRJS 6137 Week 13 Quiz (20 Questions)

What is the biggest obstacle to success in a national program of violence reduction?

There is no single biggest obstacle to success in a national program of violence reduction. Some of the obstacles that have been identified include: a lack of funding; a lack of political will; a lack of coordination between different levels of government; and a lack of community involvement.

CRJS 6137 Week 13 MCQ’s (20 Multiple Choice Questions)

Instructions: Please select the best answer for each question.

(CRJS 6137)

CRJS 6137 Course examines the nature of crime and its impact on society. The CRJS 6137 Course will explore such topics as the definition of crime, theories of crime causation, the criminal justice system’s response to crime, and victimization. The CRJS 6137 Course will also provide an overview of criminological research methods.

Source link

📝 Seeking Academic Excellence? Discover Our Expert Essay Writing Services! 🎓

Top 100 AI-Generated Questions

What Should Students Expect to Be Tested from CRJS 6137 Course Midterm Exam

How to Prepare for CRJS 6137 Course Midterm Exam

Midterm Exam Questions Generated from Top 100 Pages on Bing

Midterm Exam Questions Generated from Top 100 Pages on Google

Top 100 AI-Generated Questions

What Should Students Expect to Be Tested from CRJS 6137 Course Final Exam

How to Prepare for CRJS 6137 Course Final Exam

Final Exam Questions Generated from Top 100 Pages on Bing

Final Exam Questions Generated from Top 100 Pages on Google

CRJS 6137 Week 1 Description

CRJS 6137 Week 1 Outline

CRJS 6137 Week 1 Objectives

CRJS 6137 Week 1 Pre-requisites

CRJS 6137 Week 1 Duration

CRJS 6137 Week 1 Learning Outcomes

CRJS 6137 Week 1 Assessment & Grading

CRJS 6137 Week 1 Suggested Resources/Books

CRJS 6137 Week 1 Assignment (20 Questions)

CRJS 6137 Week 1 Assignment Question (20 Questions)

CRJS 6137 Week 1 Discussion 1 (20 Questions)

CRJS 6137 Week 1 DQ 1 (20 Questions)

CRJS 6137 Week 1 Discussion 2 (20 Questions)

CRJS 6137 Week 1 DQ 2 (20 Questions)

CRJS 6137 Week 1 Quiz (20 Questions)

CRJS 6137 Week 1 MCQ’s (20 Multiple Choice Questions)

CRJS 6137 Week 2 Description

CRJS 6137 Week 2 Outline

CRJS 6137 Week 2 Objectives

CRJS 6137 Week 2 Pre-requisites

CRJS 6137 Week 2 Duration

CRJS 6137 Week 2 Learning Outcomes

CRJS 6137 Week 2 Assessment & Grading

CRJS 6137 Week 2 Suggested Resources/Books

CRJS 6137 Week 2 Assignment (20 Questions)

CRJS 6137 Week 2 Assignment Question (20 Questions)

CRJS 6137 Week 2 Discussion 1 (20 Questions)

CRJS 6137 Week 2 DQ 1 (20 Questions)

CRJS 6137 Week 2 Discussion 2 (20 Questions)

CRJS 6137 Week 2 DQ 2 (20 Questions)

CRJS 6137 Week 2 Quiz (20 Questions)

CRJS 6137 Week 2 MCQ’s (20 Multiple Choice Questions)

CRJS 6137 Week 3 Description

CRJS 6137 Week 3 Outline

CRJS 6137 Week 3 Objectives

CRJS 6137 Week 3 Pre-requisites

CRJS 6137 Week 3 Duration

CRJS 6137 Week 3 Learning Outcomes

CRJS 6137 Week 3 Assessment & Grading

CRJS 6137 Week 3 Suggested Resources/Books

CRJS 6137 Week 3 Assignment (20 Questions)

CRJS 6137 Week 3 Assignment Question (20 Questions)

CRJS 6137 Week 3 Discussion 1 (20 Questions)

CRJS 6137 Week 3 DQ 1 (20 Questions)

CRJS 6137 Week 3 Discussion 2 (20 Questions)

CRJS 6137 Week 3 DQ 2 (20 Questions)

CRJS 6137 Week 3 Quiz (20 Questions)

CRJS 6137 Week 3 MCQ’s (20 Multiple Choice Questions)

CRJS 6137 Week 4 Description

CRJS 6137 Week 4 Outline

CRJS 6137 Week 4 Objectives

CRJS 6137 Week 4 Pre-requisites

CRJS 6137 Week 4 Duration

CRJS 6137 Week 4 Learning Outcomes

CRJS 6137 Week 4 Assessment & Grading

CRJS 6137 Week 4 Suggested Resources/Books

CRJS 6137 Week 4 Assignment (20 Questions)

CRJS 6137 Week 4 Assignment Question (20 Questions)

CRJS 6137 Week 4 Discussion 1 (20 Questions)

CRJS 6137 Week 4 DQ 1 (20 Questions)

CRJS 6137 Week 4 Discussion 2 (20 Questions)

CRJS 6137 Week 4 DQ 2 (20 Questions)

CRJS 6137 Week 4 Quiz (20 Questions)

CRJS 6137 Week 4 MCQ’s (20 Multiple Choice Questions)

CRJS 6137 Week 5 Description

CRJS 6137 Week 5 Outline

CRJS 6137 Week 5 Objectives

CRJS 6137 Week 5 Pre-requisites

CRJS 6137 Week 5 Duration